java rest httpclient_使用HttpClient访问接口（Rest接口和普通接口）

这里总结一下使用HttpClient访问外部接口的用法。后期如果发现有什么缺陷会更改。欢迎读者指出此方法的不足之处。

首先，创建一个返回实体：

public class HttpResult {

// 响应的状态码

private int code;

// 响应的响应体

private String body;

public HttpResult(int code, String body) {

this.code = code;

this.body = body;

}

//省略get/set

}

创建一个HttpClientUtil：

public class HttpClientUtil {

private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();//用static实现单例，此处不完善，当多线程时会出现问题。

/**

* 带参数的get请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doGet(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明URIBuilder

URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);

// 判断参数map是否为非空

if (map != null) {

// 遍历参数

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

// 设置参数

uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());

}

}

// 2 创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址

HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());

// 3 使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求

CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

// 4 解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果

// 状态码

// response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

// 响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断

// EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

HttpResult httpResult = null;

// 解析数据封装HttpResult

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 不带参数的get请求

*

* @param url

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doGet(String url) throws Exception {

HttpResult httpResult = doGet(url, null);

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的post请求

*

* @param url

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doPost(String url, Map reqMap, Map headersMap) throws Exception {

// 声明httpPost请求

HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);

for (Map.Entry entry: headersMap.entrySet())

httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());

// 判断map不为空

if (reqMap != null) {

// 创建form表单对象

StringEntity formEntity = new StringEntity(JSON.toJSONString(reqMap), "UTF-8");

// 把表单对象设置到httpPost中

httpPost.setEntity(formEntity);

}

// 使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response

CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

// 解析response封装返回对象httpResult

HttpResult httpResult = null;

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回结果

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 不带参数的post请求

*

* @param url

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doPost(String url) throws Exception {

HttpResult httpResult = doPost(url, null,null);

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的Put请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doPut(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明httpPost请求

HttpPut httpPut = new HttpPut(url);

// 判断map不为空

if (map != null) {

// 声明存放参数的List集合

List params = new ArrayList();

// 遍历map，设置参数到list中

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

params.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString()));

}

// 创建form表单对象

UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "UTF-8");

// 把表单对象设置到httpPost中

httpPut.setEntity(formEntity);

}

// 使用HttpClient发起请求，返回response

CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPut);

// 解析response封装返回对象httpResult

HttpResult httpResult = null;

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回结果

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 带参数的Delete请求

*

* @param url

* @param map

* @return

* @throws Exception

*/

public static HttpResult doDelete(String url, Map map) throws Exception {

// 声明URIBuilder

URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);

// 判断参数map是否为非空

if (map != null) {

// 遍历参数

for (Map.Entry entry : map.entrySet()) {

// 设置参数

uriBuilder.setParameter(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue().toString());

}

}

// 2 创建httpGet对象，相当于设置url请求地址

HttpDelete httpDelete = new HttpDelete(uriBuilder.build());

// 3 使用HttpClient执行httpGet，相当于按回车，发起请求

CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpDelete);

// 4 解析结果，封装返回对象httpResult，相当于显示相应的结果

// 状态码

// response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();

// 响应体，字符串，如果response.getEntity()为空，下面这个代码会报错,所以解析之前要做非空的判断

// EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");

HttpResult httpResult = null;

// 解析数据封装HttpResult

if (response.getEntity() != null) {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(),

EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8"));

} else {

httpResult = new HttpResult(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), "");

}

// 返回

return httpResult;

}

/**

* 返回常用请求头

* @return

*/

public static Map commentHeader(){

Map map = new HashMap<>();

map.put("Content-Type", "application/json");

return map;

}

}

测试一下：

package cn.xxxxxx.httpclient.test;

import java.util.HashMap;

import java.util.Map;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import cn.itcast.httpclient.APIService;

import cn.itcast.httpclient.HttpResult;

public class APIServiceTest {

// 查询

@Test

public void testGet() throws Exception {

// http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/{id}

String url = "http://manager.aaaaaa.com/rest/item/interface/42";

HttpResult httpResult = HttpClientUtil.doGet(url);

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

// 查询

@Test

public void testPost() throws Exception {

//设置参数

Map reqMap = new HashMap();

reqMap.put("distCode", arsArg.getDistCode());

HttpResult httpResult = null;

try {

//RestUrlsCommons.RMDS_DISTRICT_FINDBYDISTCODE为url

//reqMap：请求参数

//HttpClientUtil.commentHeader()：请求头

httpResult = HttpClientUtil.doPost(RestUrlsCommons.RMDS_DISTRICT_FINDBYDISTCODE, reqMap, HttpClientUtil.commentHeader());

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println(httpResult.getCode());

System.out.println(httpResult.getBody());

}

}