在Android的触摸消息中,已经实现了三种监测,它们分别是
1)pre-pressed:对应的语义是用户轻触(tap)了屏幕
2)pressed:对应的语义是用户点击(press)了屏幕
3)long pressed:对应的语义是用户长按(long press)了屏幕
下图是触摸消息随时间变化的时间轴示意图:
其中,t0和t1定义在ViewConfiguration类中,标识了tap和longpress的超时时间,定义如下:
/**
* Defines the duration in milliseconds we will wait to see if a touch event
* is a tap or a scroll. If the user does not move within this interval, it is
* considered to be a tap.
*/
privatestaticfinalintTAP_TIMEOUT =115;// t0
/**
* Defines the duration in milliseconds before a press turns into
* a long press
*/
privatestaticfinalintLONG_PRESS_TIMEOUT =500;// t1代码中实现监测的地方在View类的OnTouchEvent函数中,当View监测到ACTION_DOWN事件时,首先发送一个延迟为t0的异步消息,代码如下:
caseMotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
if(mPendingCheckForTap ==null) {
mPendingCheckForTap =newCheckForTap();
}
mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;
mHasPerformedLongPress =false;
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
break;如果在t0时间内用户释放了屏幕,即ACTION_UP事件在t0时间内发生,则本次触摸对应的是pre-pressed处理代码,语义是"用户轻触(TAP)了一下屏幕";如果用户在t1时间内释放了屏幕,那么本次操作是一个"press"操作;如果用户超过t1时间释放屏幕,则系统认为监测到了长按事件。其中处理"press"操作的代码在类CheckForTap类中,处理长按操作的代码在类CheckForLongPress类中。而处理pre-pressed的代码在ACTION_UP事件响应中,ACTION_UP事件响应中大部分代码用于处理触摸的状态变化,如下所示:
caseMotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
booleanprepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) !=0;//获取prepressed状态
if((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) !=0|| prepressed) {//如果是pressed状态或者是prepressed状态,才进行处理
// 如果当前view不具有焦点,则需要先获取焦点,因为我们当前处理触摸模式
booleanfocusTaken =false;
if(isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();// 请求获得焦点
}
if(!mHasPerformedLongPress) {// 是否处理过长按操作了,如果是,则直接返回
// 进入该代码段,说明这是一个tap操作,首先移除长按回调操作
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if(!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if(mPerformClick ==null) {
mPerformClick =newPerformClick();
}
if(!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();// 执行点击的处理函数
}
}
}
if(mUnsetPressedState ==null) {
mUnsetPressedState =newUnsetPressedState();
}
if(prepressed) {
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
// 发送重置触摸状态的异步延迟消息
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
}elseif(!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();// 移除tap的回调操作
}
break;在上面的代码分析中,可以看出,整个监测过程涉及到两个Runnable对象和一个利用Handler发送异步延迟消息的函数,下面就来分析一下:
1)PostDelayed函数
该函数的主要工作是获取UI线程的Handler对象,然后调用Handler类的postDelayed函数将指定的Runnable对象放到消息队列中。
publicbooleanpostDelayed(Runnable action,longdelayMillis) {
Handler handler;
if(mAttachInfo !=null) {
handler = mAttachInfo.mHandler;
}else{
// Assume that post will succeed later
ViewRoot.getRunQueue().postDelayed(action, delayMillis);
returntrue;
}
returnhandler.postDelayed(action, delayMillis);
}2)CheckForTap类
该类实现了Runnable接口,在run函数中设置触摸标识,并刷新Drawable的状态,同时用于发送一个检测长按事件的异步延迟消息,代码如下:
privatefinalclassCheckForTapimplementsRunnable {
publicvoidrun() {
// 进入该函数,说明已经过了ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout()时间,
// 即pre-pressed状态结束,宣告触摸进入pressed状态
mPrivateFlags &= ~PREPRESSED;
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();// 刷新控件的背景Drawable
// 如果长按检测没有被去使能,则发送一个检测长按事件的异步延迟消息
if((mViewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) {
postCheckForLongClick(ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
}
}
}
privatevoidpostCheckForLongClick(intdelayOffset) {
mHasPerformedLongPress =false;
// 实例化CheckForLongPress对象
if(mPendingCheckForLongPress ==null) {
mPendingCheckForLongPress =newCheckForLongPress();
}
mPendingCheckForLongPress.rememberWindowAttachCount();
// 调用PostDelayed函数发送长按事件的异步延迟消息
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForLongPress,
ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout() - delayOffset);
}
3)CheckForLongPress类
该类定义了长按操作发生时的响应处理,同样实现了Runnable接口
classCheckForLongPressimplementsRunnable {
privateintmOriginalWindowAttachCount;
publicvoidrun() {
// 进入该函数,说明检测到了长按操作
if(isPressed() && (mParent !=null)
&& mOriginalWindowAttachCount == mWindowAttachCount) {
if(performLongClick()) {
mHasPerformedLongPress =true;
}
}
}
publicvoidrememberWindowAttachCount() {
mOriginalWindowAttachCount = mWindowAttachCount;
}
}
publicbooleanperformLongClick() {
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_LONG_CLICKED);
booleanhandled =false;
if(mOnLongClickListener !=null) {
// 回调用户实现的长按操作监听函数(OnLongClickListener)
handled = mOnLongClickListener.onLongClick(View.this);
}
if(!handled) {
// 如果OnLongClickListener的onLongClick返回false
// 则需要继续处理该长按事件,这里是显示上下文菜单
handled = showContextMenu();
}
if(handled) {
// 长按操作事件被处理了,此时应该给用户触觉上的反馈
performHapticFeedback(HapticFeedbackConstants.LONG_PRESS);
}
returnhandled;
}