剑指offer JAVA解
公共类
BinaryTreeNode
public class BinaryTreeNode {
private int data;
private BinaryTreeNode LchildNode;
private BinaryTreeNode RchildNode;
public BinaryTreeNode(int data) {
super();
this.data = data;
}
public int getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(int data) {
this.data = data;
}
public BinaryTreeNode getLchildNode() {
return LchildNode;
}
public void setLchildNode(BinaryTreeNode lchildNode) {
LchildNode = lchildNode;
}
public BinaryTreeNode getRchildNode() {
return RchildNode;
}
public void setRchildNode(BinaryTreeNode rchildNode) {
RchildNode = rchildNode;
}
}
Node
class Node {
String data;
Node next;
public Node(String data) {
super();
this.data = data;
}
public Node(String data, Node next) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.next = next;
}
public String getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(String data) {
this.data = data;
}
public Node getNext() {
return next;
}
public void setNext(Node next) {
this.next = next;
}
}
题解
设计一个类，我们只能生成该类的一个实例。
// 饿汉式 线程安全
class A {
private static final A instance = new A();
private A() {
}
public static A getInstance() {
return instance;
}
}
// 懒汉式 线程安全写法
class B {
private static volatile B instance = null;
private B() {
}
public static B getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
synchronized (B.class) {
if (instance == null)
instance = new B();
}
}
return instance;
}
}
// 静态内部类方式 线程安全
class C {
private C() {
}
public static C getInstance() {
return CHolder.INSTANCE;
}
private static class CHolder {
private static final C INSTANCE = new C();
}
}
在一个二维数组中，每一行都按照从左到右递增的顺序排序，每一列都按照从上到下递增的顺序排序。请完成一个函数，输入这样的一个二维数组和一个整数，判断数组中是否函数该整数。
public class No03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] arr = {{1, 2, 8, 9},
{2, 4, 9, 12},
{4, 7, 10, 13},
{6, 8, 11, 15}};
System.out.println(search(arr, 7));
}
private static boolean search(int[][] arr, int value) {
int a = arr[0].length;
int b = arr.length;
int i = 0;
int j = a - 1;
while (i <= b - 1 && j >= 0) {
if (arr[i][j] == value) {
return true;
}
if (arr[i][j] > value) {
j--;
} else {
i++;
}
}
return false;
}
}
请实现一个函数，把字符串中的每个空格替换成"%20"。例如输入"We are happy"，则输出"We%20are%20happy"
public class No04 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "We are happy";
char[] charArray = str.toCharArray();
System.out.println(change(charArray));
}
private static String change(char[] charArray) {
int n = charArray.length;
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {
if (charArray[i] == ' ') {
count++;
}
}
if (count == 0) {
return null;
}
char[] temp = new char[n + 2 * count];
int j = n + 2 * count - 1;
int i = n - 1;
while (i >= 0) {
if (charArray[i] == ' ') {
temp[j] = '0';
temp[j - 1] = '2';
temp[j - 2] = '%';
j = j - 3;
} else {
temp[j] = charArray[i];
j--;
}
i--;
}
return new String(temp);
}
}
输入一个链表的头节点，从尾到头打印每个节点的值
public class No05 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node node1 = new Node("A");
Node node2 = new Node("B");
Node node3 = new Node("C");
Node node4 = new Node("D");
Node node5 = new Node("E");
node1.setNext(node2);
node2.setNext(node3);
node3.setNext(node4);
node4.setNext(node5);
Node newNode = reverse2(node1);
while (newNode != null) {
System.out.print(newNode.data + " ");
newNode = newNode.getNext();
}
}
private static Node reverse(Node head) {
if (head.next == null) {
return head;
}
Node reverseHead = reverse(head.getNext());
head.getNext().setNext(head);
head.setNext(null);
return reverseHead;
}
private static Node reverse2(Node head) {
Node pre = head;
Node cur = head.getNext();
Node temp;
while (cur != null) {
temp = cur.getNext();
cur.setNext(pre);
pre = cur;
cur = temp;
}
head.setNext(null);
return pre;
}
}
根据前序遍历和中序遍历建立树
public class No06 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String preOrder = "12473568";
String midOrder = "47215386";
BiTree tree = new BiTree(preOrder, midOrder, preOrder.length());
tree.postRootTraverse(tree.root);
}
}
class BiTree {
TreeNode root;
public BiTree(String preOrder, String midOrder, int count) {
if (count <= 0) {
return;
}
char c = preOrder.charAt(0);
int i = 0;
for (; i < count; i++) {
if (midOrder.charAt(i) == c)
break;
}
root = new TreeNode(c);
root.setLchild(new BiTree(preOrder.substring(1, i + 1), midOrder.substring(0, i), i).root);
root.setRchild(new BiTree(preOrder.substring(i + 1), midOrder.substring(i + 1), count - i - 1).root);
}
public void postRootTraverse(TreeNode root) {
if (root != null) {
postRootTraverse(root.getLchild());
postRootTraverse(root.getRchild());
System.out.print(root.getData());
}
}
}
两个栈建立队列
import java.util.Stack;
public class No07 {
private Stack s1 = new Stack();
private Stack s2 = new Stack();
public void offer(Object x) {
s1.push(x);
}
public void poll() {
if (s1.size() == 0 && s2.size() == 0) {
try {
throw new Exception("empty queue");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
if (s2.size() != 0) {
System.out.println(s2.peek().toString());
s2.pop();
} else {
while (s1.size() > 0) {
s2.push(s1.pop());
}
System.out.println(s2.peek().toString());
s2.pop();
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
No07 queue = new No07();
queue.offer("a");
queue.offer("b");
queue.offer("c");
queue.poll();
queue.poll();
queue.poll();
queue.poll();
}
}
把一个数组最开始的若干个元素搬到数组的末尾，我们称之为数组的旋转。输入一个递增排序的数组的一个旋转，输出旋转数组的最小元素。例如数组{3,4,5,1,2}为{1,2,3,4,5}的一个旋转，该数组的最小值为1。
public class No08 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {3, 4, 5, 1, 2};
System.out.println(findMin(arr));
}
public static int findMin(int[] arr) {
int left = 0;
int right = arr.length - 1;
if (arr[right] > arr[left]) {
try {
throw new Exception("非旋转数组");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return -1;
}
}
while (left < right) {
int mid = (left + right) / 2;
//对于{1,0,1,1,1}之类的特殊处理
if (arr[mid] == arr[left] && arr[left] == arr[right]) {
return seachMin(arr, left, right);
}
if (right - left == 1)
break;
if (arr[mid] >= arr[left]) {
left = mid;
} else {
right = mid;
}
}
return arr[right];
}
private static int seachMin(int[] arr, int left, int right) {
int result = arr[left];
for (int i = left + 1; i <= right; ++i) {
if (arr[i] < result)
result = arr[i];
}
return result;
}
}
写一个函数，输入n，求斐波那契数列的第n项 (一只青蛙一次可以跳上1级台阶，也可以跳上2级。求该青蛙跳上一个n级台阶总共有多少种跳法)
public class No09 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(fibonacci(5));
System.out.println(getMethodNumber(10));
}
private static long fibonacci(int n) {
long[] a = {0, 1};
if (n < 2)
return a[n];
long fib1 = 0;
long fib2 = 1;
long fibN = 0;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
fibN = fib1 + fib2;
fib1 = fib2;
fib2 = fibN;
}
return fibN;
}
private static int getMethodNumber(int n) {
if (n == 0)
return 0;
if (n == 1)
return 1;
if (n == 2)
return 2;
return getMethodNumber(n - 1) + getMethodNumber(n - 2);
}
}
请实现一个函数，输入一个整数，输出该二进制表示中1的个数。例如把9表示成二进制是1001，有2位是1。
public class No10 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(getNum(9));
}
public static int getNum(int n) {
int num = 0;
while (n != 0) {
num++;
n = (n - 1) & n;
}
return num;
}
}
实现函数double Power(double base,int exponent)，求base的exponent次方。不得使用库函数，同时不需要考虑大数问题。
public class No11 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(Power(2.0, 3));
}
public static double Power(double base, int exponent) {
if (exponent == 0)
return 1;
if (exponent == 1)
return base;
double result = Power(base, exponent >> 1);
result *= result;
if ((exponent & 0x1) == 1) {
result *= base;
}
return result;
}
}
输入数字n，按顺序打印出从1最大的n位十进制数。比如输入3，则打印出1、2、3一直到最大的3位数即999。
public class No12 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
printNum(3);
}
private static void printNum(int n) {
if (n < 0)
return;
int[] array = new int[n];
printArray(array, 0);
}
private static void printArray(int[] array, int n) {
if (n != array.length) {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
array[n] = i;
printArray(array, n + 1);
}
} else {
boolean flag = false;
for (int j = 0; j < array.length; j++) {
if (array[j] != 0) {
flag = true;
}
if (flag) {
System.out.print(array[j]);
}
}
// 去掉空白行
if (flag) {
System.out.println();
}
}
}
}
给定单向链表的头指针和一个结点指针， 定义一个函数在O(1)时间删除该节点
public class No13 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node a = new Node("A");
Node b = new Node("B");
Node c = new Node("C");
Node d = new Node("D");
a.setNext(b);
b.setNext(c);
c.setNext(d);
delete(a, d);
Node temp = a;
while (temp != null) {
System.out.println(temp.getData());
temp = temp.next;
}
}
private static void delete(Node head, Node c) {
// 如果是尾节点,只能遍历删除
if (c.next == null) {
while (head.next != c) {
head = head.next;
}
head.next = null;
} else if (head == c) {
head = null;
} else {
c.setData(c.getNext().getData());
c.setNext(c.getNext().getNext());
}
}
}
输入一个整数数组，实现一个函数来调整该数组中数字的顺序，使得所有奇数位于数组的前半部分，所有偶数位于数组的后半部分。
public class No14 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {3, 7, 4, 8, 23, 56, 77, 89, 46, 11, 66, 77};
mysort(array);
for (int a : array) {
System.out.println(" " + a);
}
}
private static void mysort(int[] array) {
if (array == null) {
return;
}
int left = 0;
int right = array.length - 1;
while (left < right) {
while (left < right && !isEven(array[left])) {
left++;
}
while (left < right && isEven(array[right])) {
right--;
}
if (left < right) {
int temp = array[right];
array[right] = array[left];
array[left] = temp;
}
if (left >= right) {
break;
}
}
}
private static boolean isEven(int i) {
return (i & 0x1) == 0;
}
}
输入一个链表，输出该链表中倒数第K个结点。为了符合大多数人的习惯，本题从1开始计数，即链表的尾结点是倒数第1个结点。例如一个链表有6个结点，从头结点开始它们的值依次是1,2,3,4,5,6。这个链表的倒数第3个结点是值为4的结点。(注意代码鲁棒性，考虑输入空指针，链表结点总数少于k，输入的k参数为0)
public class No15 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node a = new Node("1");
Node b = new Node("2");
Node c = new Node("3");
Node d = new Node("4");
Node e = new Node("5");
Node f = new Node("6");
a.setNext(b);
b.setNext(c);
c.setNext(d);
d.setNext(e);
e.setNext(f);
System.out.print(FindDataFromTail(a, 5));
}
private static String FindDataFromTail(Node a, int k) {
if (a == null)
return null;
if (k == 0) {
System.out.println("k应该从1开始");
return null;
}
Node node1 = a;
Node node2 = null;
for (int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++) {
if (node1.getNext() == null) {
System.out.println("k不应该大于链表长度");
return null;
}
node1 = node1.getNext();
}
node2 = a;
while (node1.getNext() != null) {
node1 = node1.getNext();
node2 = node2.getNext();
}
return node2.getData();
}
}
15_2. 求链表的中间结点。如果链表中结点总数为奇数，返回中间结点；如果结点总数为偶数，返回中间两个结点的任意一个
public class No15_2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node a = new Node("1");
Node b = new Node("2");
Node c = new Node("3");
Node d = new Node("4");
Node e = new Node("5");
Node f = new Node("6");
Node g = new Node("7");
a.setNext(b);
b.setNext(c);
c.setNext(d);
d.setNext(e);
e.setNext(f);
f.setNext(g);
Node mid = getMid(a);
System.out.println(mid.getData());
}
private static Node getMid(Node a) {
if (a == null) {
return null;
}
Node slow = a;
Node fast = a;
while (fast.getNext() != null && fast.getNext().getNext() != null) {
slow = slow.getNext();
fast = fast.getNext().getNext();
}
return slow;
}
}
同第5题
输入两个递增排序的链表，合并这两个链表并使新链表中结点仍然是按照递增排序的。例如输入1->3->5->7和2->4->6->8，则合并之后的升序链表应该是1->2->3->4->5->6->7->8 。
public class No17 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Node node1 = new Node(1);
Node node2 = new Node(3);
Node node3 = new Node(5);
Node node4 = new Node(7);
node1.setNext(node2);
node2.setNext(node3);
node3.setNext(node4);
Node node5 = new Node(2);
Node node6 = new Node(4);
Node node7 = new Node(6);
node5.setNext(node6);
node6.setNext(node7);
Node head = merge(node1, node5);
while (head != null) {
System.out.print(head.getData() + " ");
head = head.getNext();
}
}
private static Node merge(Node a, Node b) {
if (a == null && b == null)
return null;
if (a == null)
return b;
if (b == null)
return a;
Node head = a.getData() > b.getData() ? b : a;
Node index1 = head.getNext();
Node index2 = head == a ? b : a;
while (index1 != null && index2 != null) {
if (index1.getData() < index2.getData()) {
head.setNext(index1);
index1 = index1.getNext();
} else {
head.setNext(index2);
index2 = index2.getNext();
}
head = head.getNext();
}
if (index1 == null) {
while (index2 != null) {
head.setNext(index2);
index2 = index2.getNext();
head = head.getNext();
}
} else {
while (index1 != null) {
head.setNext(index1);
index1 = index1.getNext();
head = head.getNext();
}
}
return a.getData() > b.getData() ? b : a;
}
}
输入两颗二叉树A和B，判断B是不是A的子结构
public class No18 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTreeNode node1 = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode node2 = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode node3 = new BinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode node4 = new BinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode node5 = new BinaryTreeNode(2);
BinaryTreeNode node6 = new BinaryTreeNode(4);
BinaryTreeNode node7 = new BinaryTreeNode(7);
node1.setLchildNode(node2);
node1.setRchildNode(node3);
node2.setLchildNode(node4);
node2.setRchildNode(node5);
node5.setLchildNode(node6);
node5.setRchildNode(node7);
BinaryTreeNode a = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode b = new BinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode c = new BinaryTreeNode(2);
a.setLchildNode(b);
a.setRchildNode(c);
System.out.println(hasSubTree(node1, a));
}
private static boolean hasSubTree(BinaryTreeNode root1, BinaryTreeNode root2) {
boolean result = false;
if (root1 != null && root2 != null) {
if (root1.getData() == root2.getData()) {
result = doseTree1HaveTree2(root1, root2);
if (!result) {
result = hasSubTree(root1.getLchildNode(), root2);
}
if (!result)
result = hasSubTree(root1.getRchildNode(), root2);
}
}
return result;
}
private static boolean doseTree1HaveTree2(BinaryTreeNode root1,
BinaryTreeNode root2) {
if (root2 == null)
return true;
if (root1 == null)
return false;
if (root1.getData() != root2.getData()) {
return false;
}
return doseTree1HaveTree2(root1.getLchildNode(), root2.getLchildNode())
&& doseTree1HaveTree2(root1.getRchildNode(), root2.getRchildNode());
}
}
请完成一个函数，输入一个二叉树，该函数输出它的镜像
public class No19 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTreeNode node1 = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode node2 = new BinaryTreeNode(6);
BinaryTreeNode node3 = new BinaryTreeNode(10);
BinaryTreeNode node4 = new BinaryTreeNode(5);
BinaryTreeNode node5 = new BinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode node6 = new BinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode node7 = new BinaryTreeNode(11);
node1.setLchildNode(node2);
node1.setRchildNode(node3);
node2.setLchildNode(node4);
node2.setRchildNode(node5);
node3.setLchildNode(node6);
node3.setRchildNode(node7);
mirror(node1);
print(node1);
}
private static void print(BinaryTreeNode root) {
if (root != null) {
System.out.println(root.getData());
print(root.getLchildNode());
print(root.getRchildNode());
}
}
private static void mirror(BinaryTreeNode root) {
if (root == null) {
return;
}
if (root.getLchildNode() == null && root.getRchildNode() == null) {
return;
}
BinaryTreeNode temp = root.getLchildNode();
root.setLchildNode(root.getRchildNode());
root.setRchildNode(temp);
mirror(root.getLchildNode());
mirror(root.getRchildNode());
}
}
输入一个矩阵，按照从外向里以顺时针的顺序依次打印出每一个数字
public class No20 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] a = create(5, 5);
print(a);
clockWisePrint(a, 0, 4);
}
private static void clockWisePrint(int[][] a, int i, int j) {
if (j < i)
return;
if (j == i) {
System.out.print(a[i][j] + " ");
return;
}
int y = i;
while (y <= j) {
System.out.print(a[i][y] + " ");
y++;
}
y = i + 1;
while (y <= j) {
System.out.print(a[y][j] + " ");
y++;
}
y = j - 1;
while (y >= i) {
System.out.print(a[j][y] + " ");
y--;
}
y = j - 1;
while (y >= i + 1) {
System.out.print(a[y][i] + " ");
y--;
}
clockWisePrint(a, i + 1, j - 1);
}
private static void print(int[][] a) {
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < a[i].length; j++) {
System.out.print(a[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
public static int[][] create(int row, int line) {
int[][] a = new int[row][line];
int num = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < line; j++) {
a[i][j] = num++;
}
}
return a;
}
}
定义栈的数据结构，请在该类型中实现一个能够得到栈的最小元素的min函数。在该栈中，调用min、push以及pop的时间复杂度都是O(1)。
import java.util.Stack;
public class No21 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
MyStack a = new MyStack();
System.out.println(a.min());
a.push(10);
a.push(11);
System.out.println(a.min());
}
}
class MyStack {
private Stack stack1, stackHelp;
public MyStack() {
stack1 = new Stack();
stackHelp = new Stack();
}
public void push(int num) {
stack1.push(num);
if (stackHelp.size() == 0 || num < stackHelp.peek()) {
stackHelp.push(num);
} else {
stackHelp.push(stackHelp.peek());
}
}
public void pop() {
stack1.pop();
stackHelp.pop();
}
public Integer min() {
if (stackHelp.size() == 0) {
return null;
}
return stackHelp.peek();
}
}
输入两个整数序列，第一个序列表示栈的压入顺序，请判断第二个序列是否为该栈的弹出顺序。假设压入栈的所有数字均不相等。例如序列1、2、3、4、5是某栈的压栈序列，序列4、5、3、2、1是该压栈序列对应的一个弹出序列,但4、3、5、1、2就不可能是该压栈序列的弹出序列。
import java.util.Stack;
public class No22 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer[] pushOrder = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
Integer[] popOrder = {4, 5, 3, 1, 2};
System.out.println(isRight(pushOrder, popOrder));
}
private static boolean isRight(Integer[] pushOrder, Integer[] popOrder) {
Stack stack = new Stack();
int pushIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < popOrder.length; i++) {
if (!stack.isEmpty() && stack.peek() == popOrder[i])
stack.pop();
else {
while (pushIndex <= pushOrder.length - 1 && pushOrder[pushIndex] != popOrder[i]) {
stack.push(pushOrder[pushIndex++]);
}
if (pushIndex > pushOrder.length - 1) {
return false;
} else {
pushIndex++;
}
}
}
return true;
}
}
从上往下打印出二叉树的每个结点，同一层的结点按照从左到右的顺序打印
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Queue;
public class No23 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTreeNode node1 = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode node2 = new BinaryTreeNode(6);
BinaryTreeNode node3 = new BinaryTreeNode(10);
BinaryTreeNode node4 = new BinaryTreeNode(5);
BinaryTreeNode node5 = new BinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode node6 = new BinaryTreeNode(9);
BinaryTreeNode node7 = new BinaryTreeNode(11);
node1.setLchildNode(node2);
node1.setRchildNode(node3);
node2.setLchildNode(node4);
node2.setRchildNode(node5);
node3.setLchildNode(node6);
node3.setRchildNode(node7);
printFromTopToBottom(node1);
}
private static void printFromTopToBottom(BinaryTreeNode root) {
if (root == null)
return;
Queue queue = new LinkedList();
queue.add(root);
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
BinaryTreeNode node = queue.poll();
System.out.println(node.getData());
if (node.getLchildNode() != null) {
queue.add(node.getLchildNode());
}
if (node.getRchildNode() != null) {
queue.add(node.getRchildNode());
}
}
}
}
输入一个整数数组，判断该数组是不是某二叉搜索树的后序遍历的结果。如果是则返回true，否则返回false。假设输入的数组的任意两个数字都互不相同。
public class No24 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {5, 7, 6, 9, 11, 10, 8};
// int[] array={7,4,6,5};
boolean b = verfiySequenceOfBST(array, 0, 6);
System.out.println(b);
}
private static boolean verfiySequenceOfBST(int[] array, int start, int end) {
if (array == null || start > end || start < 0 || end < 0)
return false;
if (start == end)
return true;
int root = array[end];
int i = start;
for (; i <= end; i++) {
if (array[i] > root)
break;
}
int j = i;
for (; j <= end; j++) {
if (array[j] < root)
return false;
}
boolean left = true;
if (i > start) {
left = verfiySequenceOfBST(array, start, i - 1);
}
boolean right = true;
if (i < end) {
right = verfiySequenceOfBST(array, i, end - 1);
}
return (left && right);
}
}
输入一颗二叉树和一个整数，打印出二叉树中结点值的和为输入整数的所有路径。从树的根结点开始往下一直到叶结点所经过的结点形成一条路径。
import java.util.Stack;
public class No25 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTreeNode root = new BinaryTreeNode(10);
BinaryTreeNode node1 = new BinaryTreeNode(5);
BinaryTreeNode node2 = new BinaryTreeNode(4);
BinaryTreeNode node3 = new BinaryTreeNode(7);
BinaryTreeNode node4 = new BinaryTreeNode(12);
root.setLchildNode(node1);
root.setRchildNode(node4);
node1.setLchildNode(node2);
node1.setRchildNode(node3);
findPath(root, 22);
}
private static void findPath(BinaryTreeNode root, int i) {
if (root == null)
return;
Stack stack = new Stack();
int currentSum = 0;
findPath(root, i, stack, currentSum);
}
private static void findPath(BinaryTreeNode root, int i,
Stack stack, int currentSum) {
currentSum += root.getData();
stack.push(root.getData());
if (root.getLchildNode() == null && root.getRchildNode() == null) {
if (currentSum == i) {
System.out.println("找到路径");
for (int path : stack) {
System.out.println(path + " ");
}
}
}
if (root.getLchildNode() != null) {
findPath(root.getLchildNode(), i, stack, currentSum);
}
if (root.getRchildNode() != null) {
findPath(root.getRchildNode(), i, stack, currentSum);
}
stack.pop();
}
}
请实现函数ComplexListNode* Clone(ComplexListNode* pHead)，复制一个复杂链表。在复杂链表中，每个结点除了有一个m_pNext指针指向下一个结点外，还有一个m_pSibling指向链表中的任意结点或者NULL。
public class No26 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ComplexListNode node1 = new ComplexListNode(1);
ComplexListNode node2 = new ComplexListNode(2);
ComplexListNode node3 = new ComplexListNode(3);
ComplexListNode node4 = new ComplexListNode(4);
ComplexListNode node5 = new ComplexListNode(5);
node1.next = node2;
node2.next = node3;
node3.next = node4;
node4.next = node5;
node1.sibling = node3;
node2.sibling = node5;
node4.sibling = node2;
ComplexListNode result = clone(node1);
while (result != null) {
System.out.println(result.data);
result = result.next;
}
}
private static ComplexListNode clone(ComplexListNode head) {
cloneNodes(head);
copySibingNodes(head);
return separateNodes(head);
}
private static ComplexListNode separateNodes(ComplexListNode head) {
ComplexListNode node = head;
ComplexListNode cloneHead = null;
ComplexListNode cloneNode = null;
if (node != null) {
cloneNode = node.next;
cloneHead = cloneNode;
node.next = cloneNode.next;
node = node.next;
}
while (node != null) {
cloneNode.next = node.next;
cloneNode = cloneNode.next;
node.next = cloneNode.next;
node = node.next;
}
return cloneHead;
}
private static void copySibingNodes(ComplexListNode head) {
ComplexListNode node = head;
while (node != null) {
ComplexListNode cloneNode = node.next;
if (node.sibling != null) {
cloneNode.sibling = node.sibling.next;
}
node = cloneNode.next;
}
}
private static void cloneNodes(ComplexListNode head) {
ComplexListNode node = head;
while (node != null) {
ComplexListNode cloneNode = new ComplexListNode(node.data);
cloneNode.next = node.next;
node.next = cloneNode;
node = cloneNode.next;
}
}
}
class ComplexListNode {
int data;
ComplexListNode next;
ComplexListNode sibling;
public ComplexListNode(int data) {
super();
this.data = data;
}
}
输入一颗二叉搜索树，将该二叉搜索树转换成一个排序的双向链表。要求不能创建任何新的结点，只能调整树中结点指针的指向。
public class No27 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
BinaryTreeNode root = new BinaryTreeNode(10);
BinaryTreeNode node1 = new BinaryTreeNode(6);
BinaryTreeNode node2 = new BinaryTreeNode(14);
BinaryTreeNode node3 = new BinaryTreeNode(4);
BinaryTreeNode node4 = new BinaryTreeNode(8);
BinaryTreeNode node5 = new BinaryTreeNode(12);
BinaryTreeNode node6 = new BinaryTreeNode(16);
root.setLchildNode(node1);
root.setRchildNode(node2);
node1.setLchildNode(node3);
node1.setRchildNode(node4);
node2.setLchildNode(node5);
node2.setRchildNode(node6);
BinaryTreeNode head = covert(root);
while (head != null) {
System.out.println(head.getData());
head = head.getRchildNode();
}
}
private static BinaryTreeNode covert(BinaryTreeNode root) {
BinaryTreeNode lastNodeList = null;
lastNodeList = convertNode(root, lastNodeList);
while (lastNodeList != null && lastNodeList.getLchildNode() != null) {
lastNodeList = lastNodeList.getLchildNode();
}
return lastNodeList;
}
private static BinaryTreeNode convertNode(BinaryTreeNode root,
BinaryTreeNode lastNodeList) {
if (root == null)
return null;
BinaryTreeNode current = root;
if (current.getLchildNode() != null) {
lastNodeList = convertNode(current.getLchildNode(), lastNodeList);
}
current.setLchildNode(lastNodeList);
if (lastNodeList != null) {
lastNodeList.setRchildNode(current);
}
lastNodeList = current;
if (current.getRchildNode() != null) {
lastNodeList = convertNode(current.getRchildNode(), lastNodeList);
}
return lastNodeList;
}
}
输入一个字符串，打印出该字符串中字符的所有排列。例如输入字符串abc， 则打印出由字符串a、b、c所能排列出来的所有字符串abc、acb、bac、bca、cab和cba
public class No28 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
myPrint("abc");
}
private static void myPrint(String str) {
if (str == null)
return;
char[] chs = str.toCharArray();
myPrint(chs, 0);
}
private static void myPrint(char[] str, int i) {
if (i >= str.length)
return;
if (i == str.length - 1) {
System.out.println(String.valueOf(str));
} else {
for (int j = i; j < str.length; j++) {
char temp = str[j];
str[j] = str[i];
str[i] = temp;
myPrint(str, i + 1);
temp = str[j];
str[j] = str[i];
str[i] = temp;
}
}
}
}
数组中有一个数字出现的次数超过数组长度的一半，请找出这个数字。例如输入一个长度为9的数组{1,2,3,2,2,2,5,4,2},由于数字2在数组中出现了5次，超过数组长度的一半，因此输出2。
public class No29 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {1, 2, 3, 2, 2, 2, 5, 4, 2};
System.out.println(findNum(arr));
}
private static Integer findNum(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null)
return null;
int result = arr[0];
int count = 1;
for (int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (count == 0) {
result = arr[i];
count = 1;
} else if (arr[i] == result) {
count++;
} else {
count--;
}
}
return result;
}
}
题目：输入n个整数，输出其中最小的k个。例如输入1，2，3，4，5，6，7和8这8个数字，则最小的4个数字为1，2，3和4。
public class TopK {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {1, 3, 4, 2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16};
System.out.println(minK(arr, 1));
System.out.println(minK(arr, 2));
System.out.println(minK(arr, 3));
System.out.println(minK(arr, 4));
System.out.println(minK(arr, 5));
System.out.println(minK(arr, 6));
}
public static int minK(int[] arr, int k) {
return minK(arr, k, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
public static int minK(int[] arr, int k, int start, int end) {
int mid = partition(arr, start, end);
if (mid - start == k - 1) {
return arr[mid];
} else if (mid - start > k - 1) {
return minK(arr, k, start, mid - 1);
} else {
return minK(arr, k - 1 - (mid - start), mid + 1, end);
}
}
public static int partition(int[] arr, int start, int end) {
int key = arr[start];
int keyIndex = start;
start++;
for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
if (arr[i] < key) {
swap(arr, i, start);
start++;
}
}
swap(arr, keyIndex, start - 1);
return start - 1;
}
public static void swap(int[] arr, int i, int j) {
int temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
输入一个整型数组，数组里有正数，也有负数。数组中一个或连续的多个整数组成一个子数组。求所有子数组的和的最大值。要求时间复杂度为O(n)
public class No31 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {1, -2, 3, 10, -4, 7, 2, -5};
System.out.println(maxSub(arr));
}
private static int maxSub(int[] arr) {
int max = 0;
int n = arr.length;
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sum += arr[i];
if (sum > max)
max = sum;
else if (sum < 0)
sum = 0;
}
return max;
}
}
输入一个整数n，求从1到n这n个整数的十进制表示中1出现的次数。例如输入12，从1到12这些整数中包含1的数字有1,10,11和12,1一共出现5次。
public class No32 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(countOne(115));
}
private static long countOne(int n) {
long count = 0;
long i = 1;
long current = 0, after = 0, before = 0;
while ((n / i) != 0) {
current = (n / i) % 10;
before = n / (i * 10);
after = n - (n / i) * i;
if (current > 1)
count = count + (before + 1) * i;
else if (current == 0)
count = count + before * i;
else if (current == 1)
count = count + before * i + after + 1;
i = i * 10;
}
return count;
}
}
输入一个正整数数组，把数组里所有数字拼接起来排成一个数，打印能拼接出所有数字中最小的一个。例如输入数组{3,32,321}，则打印出这3个数字能排成的最小数字321323
public class No33 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {321, 32, 3};
printMin(array);
}
private static void printMin(int[] array) {
int[] clone = array.clone();
printMin(clone, 0, clone.length - 1);
for (int i : clone)
System.out.print(i);
}
private static void printMin(int[] array, int start, int end) {
if (start < end) {
int main_number = array[end];
int small_cur = start;
for (int j = start; j < end; j++) {
if (isSmall(String.valueOf(array[j]), String.valueOf(main_number))) {
int temp = array[j];
array[j] = array[small_cur];
array[small_cur] = temp;
small_cur++;
}
}
array[end] = array[small_cur];
array[small_cur] = main_number;
printMin(array, 0, small_cur - 1);
printMin(array, small_cur + 1, end);
}
}
public static boolean isSmall(String m, String n) {
String left = m + n;
String right = n + m;
boolean result = false;
for (int i = 0; i < left.length(); i++) {
if (left.charAt(i) < right.charAt(i))
return true;
else if (left.charAt(i) > right.charAt(i))
return false;
}
return result;
}
}
我们把只包含因子2,3和5的数称作丑数。求按从小到大的顺序的第1500个丑数。例如6、8都是丑数，但14不是，因为它包含因子7.习惯上我们把1当做第一个丑数。
public class No34 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(getUgly(20));
}
private static int getUgly(int n) {
if (n < 0)
return 0;
int[] uglyArray = new int[n];
uglyArray[0] = 1;
int multiply2 = 0;
int multiply3 = 0;
int multiply5 = 0;
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
int min = getMin(uglyArray[multiply2] * 2, uglyArray[multiply3] * 3, uglyArray[multiply5] * 5);
uglyArray[i] = min;
System.out.println(uglyArray[i]);
while (uglyArray[multiply2] * 2 == uglyArray[i])
multiply2++;
while (uglyArray[multiply3] * 3 == uglyArray[i])
multiply3++;
while (uglyArray[multiply5] * 5 == uglyArray[i])
multiply5++;
}
return uglyArray[n - 1];
}
private static int getMin(int i, int j, int k) {
int min = (i < j) ? i : j;
return (min < k) ? min : k;
}
}
在字符串中找出第一个只出现一次的字符。如输入"abaccdeff"，则输出'b'
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
public class No35 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(firstOnceNumber("abaccdeff"));
}
private static Character firstOnceNumber(String str) {
if (str == null)
return null;
char[] strChar = str.toCharArray();
LinkedHashMap hash = new LinkedHashMap();
for (char item : strChar) {
if (hash.containsKey(item))
hash.put(item, hash.get(item) + 1);
else
hash.put(item, 1);
}
for (char key : hash.keySet()) {
if (hash.get(key) == 1) {
return key;
}
}
return null;
}
}
在数组中的两个数字如果前面一个数字大于后面的数字， 则这两个数字组成一个逆序对。 输入一个数组，求出这个数组中的逆序对的总数
public class No36 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {7, 5, 6, 4};
System.out.println(getInversePairs(arr));
}
private static int getInversePairs(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null)
return 0;
int[] clone = arr.clone();
return mergeSort(arr, clone, 0, arr.length - 1);
}
private static int mergeSort(int[] array, int[] result, int start, int end) {
if (start == end) {
result[start] = array[start];
return 0;
}
int length = (end - start) / 2;
int left = mergeSort(result, array, start, start + length);
int right = mergeSort(result, array, start + length + 1, end);
int leftIndex = start + length;
int rightIndex = end;
int count = 0;
int point = rightIndex;
while (leftIndex >= start && rightIndex >= start + length + 1) {
if (array[leftIndex] > array[rightIndex]) {
result[point--] = array[leftIndex--];
count += rightIndex - start - length;
} else {
result[point--] = array[rightIndex--];
}
}
for (int i = leftIndex; i >= start; i--)
result[point--] = array[i];
for (int j = rightIndex; j >= start + length + 1; j--)
result[point--] = array[j];
return left + right + count;
}
}
输入两个单向链表，找出它们的第一个公共结点。
public class No37 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ListNode head1 = new ListNode();
ListNode second1 = new ListNode();
ListNode third1 = new ListNode();
ListNode forth1 = new ListNode();
ListNode fifth1 = new ListNode();
ListNode head2 = new ListNode();
ListNode second2 = new ListNode();
ListNode third2 = new ListNode();
ListNode forth2 = new ListNode();
head1.nextNode = second1;
second1.nextNode = third1;
third1.nextNode = forth1;
forth1.nextNode = fifth1;
head2.nextNode = second2;
second2.nextNode = forth1;
third2.nextNode = fifth1;
head1.data = 1;
second1.data = 2;
third1.data = 3;
forth1.data = 6;
fifth1.data = 7;
head2.data = 4;
second2.data = 5;
third2.data = 6;
forth2.data = 7;
System.out.println(findFirstCommonNode(head1, head2).data);
}
public static ListNode findFirstCommonNode(ListNode head1, ListNode head2) {
int len1 = getListLength(head1);
int len2 = getListLength(head2);
ListNode longListNode = null;
ListNode shortListNode = null;
int dif = 0;
if (len1 > len2) {
longListNode = head1;
shortListNode = head2;
dif = len1 - len2;
} else {
longListNode = head2;
shortListNode = head1;
dif = len2 - len1;
}
for (int i = 0; i < dif; i++) {
longListNode = longListNode.nextNode;
}
while (longListNode != null && shortListNode != null
&& longListNode != shortListNode) {
longListNode = longListNode.nextNode;
shortListNode = shortListNode.nextNode;
}
return longListNode;
}
private static int getListLength(ListNode head1) {
int result = 0;
if (head1 == null)
return result;
ListNode point = head1;
while (point != null) {
point = point.nextNode;
result++;
}
return result;
}
}
class ListNode {
int data;
ListNode nextNode;
}
统计一个数字在排序数组中出现的次数。例如输入排序数组{1,2,3,3,3,3,4,5}和数字3，由于3在这个数组中出现了4次，因此输出4。
public class No38 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5};
System.out.println(getNumberOfK(array, 3));
}
private static int getNumberOfK(int[] array, int k) {
int num = 0;
if (array != null) {
int first = getFirstK(array, k, 0, array.length - 1);
int last = getLastK(array, k, 0, array.length - 1);
//System.out.println(last);
if (first > -1 && last > -1)
num = last - first + 1;
}
return num;
}
private static int getLastK(int[] array, int k, int start, int end) {
if (start > end)
return -1;
int mid = (start + end) / 2;
int midData = array[mid];
if (midData == k) {
if ((mid < array.length - 1 && array[mid + 1] != k) || mid == array.length - 1) {
return mid;
} else {
start = mid + 1;
}
} else if (midData < k)
start = mid + 1;
else
end = mid - 1;
return getLastK(array, k, start, end);
}
private static int getFirstK(int[] array, int k, int start, int end) {
if (start > end)
return -1;
int mid = (start + end) / 2;
int midData = array[mid];
if (midData == k) {
if ((mid > 0 && array[mid - 1] != k) || mid == 0) {
return mid;
} else {
end = mid - 1;
}
} else if (midData > k)
end = mid - 1;
else
start = mid + 1;
return getFirstK(array, k, start, end);
}
}
输入一颗二叉树的根节点，求该树的深度。从根节点到叶节点依次经过的结点(含根、叶结点)形成树的一条路径，最长路径的长度为树的深度。
public class No39 {
public int treeDepth(BinaryTreeNode root) {
if (root == null) return 0;
int left = treeDepth(root.getLchildNode());
int right = treeDepth(root.getRchildNode());
return (left > right) ? left + 1 : right + 1;
}
}
一个整型数组里除了两个数字之外，其他的数字都出现了两次。请写程序找出这两个只出现一次的数字。要求时间复杂度是O(n)，空间复杂度O(1)
public class No40 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {2, 4, 3, 6, 3, 2, 5, 5};
findNumsAppearOnce(array);
}
private static void findNumsAppearOnce(int[] array) {
if (array == null)
return;
int num = 0;
for (int i : array) {
num ^= i;
}
int index = findFirstBitIs1(num);
int number1 = 0;
int number2 = 0;
for (int i : array) {
if (isBit1(i, index))
number1 ^= i;
else
number2 ^= i;
}
System.out.println(number1);
System.out.println(number2);
}
private static boolean isBit1(int number, int index) {
number = number >> index;
return (number & 1) == 0;
}
private static int findFirstBitIs1(int num) {
int index = 0;
while ((num & 1) == 0) {
num = num >> 1;
index++;
}
return index;
}
}
输入一个递增排序的数组和一个数字s，在数组中查找两个数，使得它们的和正好是s。如果有多对数字的和等于s，输出任意一对即可。
public class No41 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] data = {1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 15};
System.out.println(findNumberWithSum(data, 15));
}
private static boolean findNumberWithSum(int[] data, int sum) {
boolean found = false;
if (data == null)
return found;
int num1 = 0;
int num2 = 0;
int start = 0;
int end = data.length - 1;
while (start < end) {
int curSum = data[start] + data[end];
if (curSum == sum) {
num1 = data[start];
num2 = data[end];
found = true;
break;
} else if (curSum > sum)
end--;
else
start++;
}
System.out.println(num1);
System.out.println(num2);
return found;
}
}
输入一个英文句子，翻转句子中单词的顺序，但单词内字符的顺序不变。为简单起见，标点符号和普通字母一样处理。例如输入字符串"I am student."，则输出"student. a am I"。
public class No42 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String string = "I am a student.";
reverseSentence(string);
}
private static void reverseSentence(String str) {
if (str == null)
return;
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
reverse(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
int start = 0;
int end = 0;
for (char i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (arr[i] == ' ') {
reverse(arr, start, end);
end++;
start = end;
} else if (i == arr.length) {
end++;
reverse(arr, start, end);
} else {
end++;
}
}
for (char c : arr) {
System.out.print(c);
}
}
private static void reverse(char[] arr, int start, int end) {
for (int i = start, j = end; i <= j; i++, j--) {
char temp = arr[i];
arr[i] = arr[j];
arr[j] = temp;
}
}
}
把n个骰子仍在地上，所有骰子朝上一面的点数之和为s，输入n，打印出s的所有可能的值出现的概率
public class No43 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
printProbability(2);
}
private static void printProbability(int num) {
if (num < 1)
return;
int gMaxValue = 6;
int[][] probabilities = new int[2][];
probabilities[0] = new int[gMaxValue * num + 1];
probabilities[1] = new int[gMaxValue * num + 1];
int flag = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= gMaxValue; i++) {
probabilities[flag][i] = 1;
}
for (int k = 2; k <= num; k++) {
for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
probabilities[1 - flag][i] = 0;
}
for (int i = k; i <= gMaxValue * k; i++) {
probabilities[1 - flag][i] = 0;
for (int j = 1; j <= i && j <= gMaxValue; j++)
probabilities[1 - flag][i] += probabilities[flag][i - j];
}
flag = 1 - flag;
}
double total = Math.pow(gMaxValue, num);
for (int i = num; i <= gMaxValue * num; i++) {
double ratio = (double) probabilities[flag][i] / total;
System.out.print(i + " ");
System.out.println(ratio);
}
}
}
44.从扑克牌中随机抽5张牌，判断是不是一个顺子，即这5张牌是不是连续的。2~10为数字本身，A为1，J为11，Q为12，K为13，而大、小王可以看成任意数字。
import java.util.Arrays;
public class No44 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = {0, 4, 6, 8, 0};
System.out.println(isContinuous(array));
}
private static boolean isContinuous(int[] arr) {
if (arr == null || arr.length != 5)
return false;
Arrays.sort(arr);
int numberZero = 0;
int numberGap = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length && arr[i] == 0; i++)
numberZero++;
int small = numberZero;
int big = small + 1;
while (big < arr.length) {
if (arr[small] == arr[big])
return false;
numberGap += arr[big] - arr[small] - 1;
small = big;
big++;
}
return numberGap <= numberZero;
}
}
0~n-1这n个数字排列成一个圆圈，从数字0开始每次从这个圆圈中删除第m个数字。求出这个圆圈里剩下的最后一个数字。
public class No45 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(lastRemaining(6, 3));
}
public static int lastRemaining(int n, int m) {
if (n < 1 || m < 1)
return -1;
int last = 0;
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
last = (last + m) % i;
}
return last;
}
}
写一个函数，求两个整数之和，要求函数体内部不能使用"+"、"-"、"*"、""。
public class No47 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(add(5, 8));
}
private static int add(int num1, int num2) {
int sum, carry;
do {
sum = num1 ^ num2;
carry = (num1 & num2) << 1;
num1 = sum;
num2 = carry;
} while (num2 != 0);
return num1;
}
}
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