java url工具_JAVA工具例大全--URL编码

import cn.hutool.core.util.CharUtil;

import cn.hutool.core.util.HexUtil;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.io.Serializable;

import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import java.util.BitSet;

/**

* URL编码，数据内容的类型是 application/x-www-form-urlencoded。

*

*

* 1.字符"a"-"z"，"A"-"Z"，"0"-"9"，"."，"-"，"*"，和"_" 都不会被编码;

* 2.将空格转换为%20 ;

* 3.将非文本内容转换成"%xy"的形式,xy是两位16进制的数值;

*

*

* @author looly

*/

public class URLEncoder implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Static method start

/**

* 默认{@link URLEncoder}

* 默认的编码器针对URI路径编码，定义如下：

*

*

* pchar = unreserved(不处理) / pct-encoded / sub-delims(子分隔符) / ":" / "@"

* unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"

* sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="

*

*/

public static final URLEncoder DEFAULT = createDefault();

/**

* 用于查询语句的{@link URLEncoder}

* 编码器针对URI路径编码，定义如下：

*

*

* 0x20 ' ' =》 '+'

* 0x2A, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x30 to 0x39, 0x41 to 0x5A, 0x5F, 0x61 to 0x7A as-is

* '*', '-', '.', '0' to '9', 'A' to 'Z', '_', 'a' to 'z' Also '=' and '&' 不编码

* 其它编码为 %nn 形式

*

*

* 详细见：https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#application/x-www-form-urlencoded-encoding-algorithm

*/

public static final URLEncoder QUERY = createQuery();

/**

* 全编码的{@link URLEncoder}

*

* 0x2A, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x30 to 0x39, 0x41 to 0x5A, 0x5F, 0x61 to 0x7A as-is

* '*', '-', '.', '0' to '9', 'A' to 'Z', '_', 'a' to 'z' 不编码

* 其它编码为 %nn 形式

*

*/

public static final URLEncoder ALL = createAll();

/**

* 创建默认{@link URLEncoder}

* 默认的编码器针对URI路径编码，定义如下：

*

*

* pchar = unreserved(不处理) / pct-encoded / sub-delims(子分隔符) / ":" / "@"

* unreserved = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"

* sub-delims = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")" / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="

*

*

* @return {@link URLEncoder}

*/

public static URLEncoder createDefault(){

final URLEncoder encoder = new URLEncoder();

encoder.addSafeCharacter('-');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('.');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('_');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('~');

// Add the sub-delims

encoder.addSafeCharacter('!');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('$');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('&');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('\'');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('(');

encoder.addSafeCharacter(')');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('*');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('+');

encoder.addSafeCharacter(',');

encoder.addSafeCharacter(';');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('=');

// Add the remaining literals

encoder.addSafeCharacter(':');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('@');

// Add '/' so it isn't encoded when we encode a path

encoder.addSafeCharacter('/');

return encoder;

}

/**

* 创建用于查询语句的{@link URLEncoder}

* 编码器针对URI路径编码，定义如下：

*

*

* 0x20 ' ' =》 '+'

* 0x2A, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x30 to 0x39, 0x41 to 0x5A, 0x5F, 0x61 to 0x7A as-is

* '*', '-', '.', '0' to '9', 'A' to 'Z', '_', 'a' to 'z' Also '=' and '&' 不编码

* 其它编码为 %nn 形式

*

*

* 详细见：https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#application/x-www-form-urlencoded-encoding-algorithm

*

* @return {@link URLEncoder}

*/

public static URLEncoder createQuery(){

final URLEncoder encoder = new URLEncoder();

// Special encoding for space

encoder.setEncodeSpaceAsPlus(true);

// Alpha and digit are safe by default

// Add the other permitted characters

encoder.addSafeCharacter('*');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('-');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('.');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('_');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('=');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('&');

return encoder;

}

/**

* 创建{@link URLEncoder}

* 编码器针对URI路径编码，定义如下：

*

*

* 0x2A, 0x2D, 0x2E, 0x30 to 0x39, 0x41 to 0x5A, 0x5F, 0x61 to 0x7A as-is

* '*', '-', '.', '0' to '9', 'A' to 'Z', '_', 'a' to 'z' 不编码

* 其它编码为 %nn 形式

*

*

* 详细见：https://www.w3.org/TR/html5/forms.html#application/x-www-form-urlencoded-encoding-algorithm

*

* @return {@link URLEncoder}

*/

public static URLEncoder createAll(){

final URLEncoder encoder = new URLEncoder();

encoder.addSafeCharacter('*');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('-');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('.');

encoder.addSafeCharacter('_');

return encoder;

}

// --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Static method end

/**

* 存放安全编码

*/

private final BitSet safeCharacters;

/**

* 是否编码空格为+

*/

private boolean encodeSpaceAsPlus = false;

/**

* 构造

*

* [a-zA-Z0-9]默认不被编码

*/

public URLEncoder(){

this(new BitSet(256));

for (char i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; i++) {

addSafeCharacter(i);

}

for (char i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; i++) {

addSafeCharacter(i);

}

for (char i = '0'; i <= '9'; i++) {

addSafeCharacter(i);

}

}

/**

* 构造

*

* @param safeCharacters 安全字符，安全字符不被编码

*/

private URLEncoder(BitSet safeCharacters){

this.safeCharacters = safeCharacters;

}

/**

* 增加安全字符

* 安全字符不被编码

*

* @param c 字符

*/

public void addSafeCharacter(char c){

safeCharacters.set(c);

}

/**

* 移除安全字符

* 安全字符不被编码

*

* @param c 字符

*/

public void removeSafeCharacter(char c){

safeCharacters.clear(c);

}

/**

* 是否将空格编码为+

*

* @param encodeSpaceAsPlus 是否将空格编码为+

*/

public void setEncodeSpaceAsPlus(boolean encodeSpaceAsPlus){

this.encodeSpaceAsPlus = encodeSpaceAsPlus;

}

/**

* 将URL中的字符串编码为%形式

*

* @param path 需要编码的字符串

* @param charset 编码

* @return 编码后的字符串

*/

public String encode(String path, Charset charset){

final StringBuilder rewrittenPath = new StringBuilder(path.length());

ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(buf, charset);

int c;

for (int i = 0; i < path.length(); i++) {

c = path.charAt(i);

if (safeCharacters.get(c)) {

rewrittenPath.append((char) c);

} else if (encodeSpaceAsPlus && c == CharUtil.SPACE) {

// 对于空格单独处理

rewrittenPath.append('+');

} else {

// convert to external encoding before hex conversion

try {

writer.write((char) c);

writer.flush();

} catch (IOException e) {

buf.reset();

continue;

}

byte[] ba = buf.toByteArray();

for (byte toEncode : ba) {

// Converting each byte in the buffer

rewrittenPath.append('%');

HexUtil.appendHex(rewrittenPath, toEncode, false);

}

buf.reset();

}

}

return rewrittenPath.toString();

}

}