前后端报文传输加密方案

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代码库：https://github.com/chenjia/lxt
示例：http://47.100.119.102/vue-desktop
示例：http://47.100.119.102/vue-app
目的：前后端传输报文进行加密处理。

一、开发环境
前端技术：vue + axios
后端技术：java
加密算法：AES

为什么选择采用AES加密算法？作者在各种加密算法都进行过尝试，发现AES有以下特点比较符合要求：
1、加密解密执行速度快，相对DES更安全（原来采用的DES，结果部门的安全扫描建议用AES）
2、对称加密
3、被加密的明文长度可以很大，最多测试过10万长度的字符串。

java端AES加密示例，参考 lxt/lxt-common/com/lxt/ms/common/utils/SecurityUtils.java

public class SecurityUtils {
   
    public final static String letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";

    public final static String key = "ed26d4cd99aa11e5b8a4c89cdc776729";

    private static String Algorithm = "AES";

    private static String AlgorithmProvider = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";

    private final static String encoding = "UTF-8";

    public static String encrypt(String src) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchPaddingException,
            InvalidKeyException, IllegalBlockSizeException, BadPaddingException, UnsupportedEncodingException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException {
   
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("utf-8"), Algorithm);
        //IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = getIv();
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] cipherBytes = cipher.doFinal(src.getBytes(Charset.forName("utf-8")));
        return Base64Utils.encodeToString(cipherBytes);
    }

    public static String decrypt(String src) throws Exception {
   
        SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(key.getBytes("utf-8"), Algorithm);

        //IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = getIv();
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AlgorithmProvider);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secretKey);
        byte[] hexBytes = Base64Utils.decodeFromString(src);
        byte[] plainBytes = cipher.doFinal(hexBytes);
        return new String(plainBytes, "utf-8");
    }

    public static String md5Encrypt(String str) {
   
        try {
   
            MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            md.update(str.getBytes());
            byte[] byteDigest = md.digest();
            int i;
            StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer("");
            for (int offset = 0; offset < byteDigest.length; offset++) {
   
                i = byteDigest[offset];
                if (i < 0)
                    i += 256;
                if (i < 16)
                    buf.append("0");
                buf.append(Integer.toHexString(i));
            }
            //32位加密
            return buf.toString();
            // 16位的加密
            //return buf.toString().substring(8, 24);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
   
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static String encryptKey(String key) throws Exception {
   
        String encryptedKey = "";

        String[] array = key.split("");

        Random random = new Random();

        for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
   
            encryptedKey += array[i];
            for (int j = 0; j < i % 2 + 1; j++) {
   
                int index = random.nextInt(letters.length());
                encryptedKey += letters.substring(index, index + 1);
            }
        }
        return Base64Utils.encodeToString(new StringBuilder(encryptedKey).reverse().toString().getBytes(encoding)).replaceAll("\n", "");
    }

    public static String decryptKey(String encryptedKey) {
   
        encryptedKey = new String(Base64Utils.decodeFromString(encryptedKey));
        String key = "";

        char[] c = new StringBuilder(encryptedKey).reverse().toString().toCharArray();

        for <