knn算法实例python_[机器学习]kNN算法python实现(实例:数字识别)

# 使用好任何机器学习算法的前提是选好Featuresfrom numpy import *

import operator

from os import listdir

def classify0(inX, dataSet, labels, k):

dataSetSize = dataSet.shape[0]

diffMat = tile(inX, (dataSetSize,1)) - dataSet

sqDiffMat = diffMat**2

sqDistances = sqDiffMat.sum(axis=1)

distances = sqDistances**0.5

sortedDistIndicies = distances.argsort()

classCount={}

for i in range(k):

voteIlabel = labels[sortedDistIndicies[i]]

classCount[voteIlabel] = classCount.get(voteIlabel,0) + 1

sortedClassCount = sorted(classCount.iteritems(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True)

return sortedClassCount[0][0]

def createDataSet():

group = array([[1.0,1.1],[1.0,1.0],[0,0],[0,0.1]])

labels = ['A','A','B','B']

return group, labels

def file2matrix(filename):

fr = open(filename)

numberOfLines = len(fr.readlines())         #get the number of lines in the file

returnMat = zeros((numberOfLines,3))        #prepare matrix to return

classLabelVector = []                       #prepare labels return

fr = open(filename)

index = 0

for line in fr.readlines():

line = line.strip()

listFromLine = line.split('\t')

returnMat[index,:] = listFromLine[0:3]

classLabelVector.append(int(listFromLine[-1]))

index += 1

return returnMat,classLabelVector

def autoNorm(dataSet):

minVals = dataSet.min(0)

maxVals = dataSet.max(0)

ranges = maxVals - minVals

normDataSet = zeros(shape(dataSet))

m = dataSet.shape[0]

normDataSet = dataSet - tile(minVals, (m,1))

normDataSet = normDataSet/tile(ranges, (m,1))   #element wise divide

return normDataSet, ranges, minVals

def datingClassTest():

hoRatio = 0.50      #hold out 10%

datingDataMat,datingLabels = file2matrix('datingTestSet2.txt')       #load data setfrom file

normMat, ranges, minVals = autoNorm(datingDataMat)

m = normMat.shape[0]

numTestVecs = int(m*hoRatio)

errorCount = 0.0

for i in range(numTestVecs):

classifierResult = classify0(normMat[i,:],normMat[numTestVecs:m,:],datingLabels[numTestVecs:m],3)

print "the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, datingLabels[i])

if (classifierResult != datingLabels[i]): errorCount += 1.0

print "the total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(numTestVecs))

print errorCount

def img2vector(filename):

returnVect = zeros((1,1024))

fr = open(filename)

for i in range(32):

lineStr = fr.readline()

for j in range(32):

returnVect[0,32*i+j] = int(lineStr[j])

return returnVect

def handwritingClassTest():

hwLabels = []

trainingFileList = listdir('trainingDigits')           #load the training set

m = len(trainingFileList)

trainingMat = zeros((m,1024))

for i in range(m):

fileNameStr = trainingFileList[i]

fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]     #take off .txt

classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])

hwLabels.append(classNumStr)

trainingMat[i,:] = img2vector('trainingDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)

testFileList = listdir('testDigits')        #iterate through the test set

errorCount = 0.0

mTest = len(testFileList)

for i in range(mTest):

fileNameStr = testFileList[i]

fileStr = fileNameStr.split('.')[0]     #take off .txt

classNumStr = int(fileStr.split('_')[0])

vectorUnderTest = img2vector('testDigits/%s' % fileNameStr)

classifierResult = classify0(vectorUnderTest, trainingMat, hwLabels, 3)

print "the classifier came back with: %d, the real answer is: %d" % (classifierResult, classNumStr)

if (classifierResult != classNumStr): errorCount += 1.0

print "\nthe total number of errors is: %d" % errorCount

print "\nthe total error rate is: %f" % (errorCount/float(mTest))

原文：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_21970857/article/details/45603223