python3 zip函数 调用一次_python 3中的zip函数，以及一些巧妙应用

首先书zip()函数的使用：>>> help(zip)

Help on class zip in module builtins:

class zip(object)

| zip(iter1 [,iter2 [...]]) --> zip object

|

| Return a zip object whose .__next__() method returns a tuple where

| the i-th element comes from the i-th iterable argument. The .__next__()

| method continues until the shortest iterable in the argument sequence

| is exhausted and then it raises StopIteration.

|

| Methods defined here:

|

| __getattribute__(self, name, /)

| Return getattr(self, name).

|

| __iter__(self, /)

| Implement iter(self).

|

| __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type

| Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature.

|

| __next__(self, /)

| Implement next(self).

|

| __reduce__(...)

| Return state information for pickling.

zip()函数的形式：zip(iter1 [,iter2 [...]])

参数：一个至多个迭代器。

返回值：元祖列表>>> a = list(zip([1,2,3],[4,5,6],[4,5,6,7,8]))

>>> a

[(1, 4, 4), (2, 5, 5), (3, 6, 6)]

>>> c,d,e = zip(*a)

>>> c

(1, 2, 3)

>>> d

(4, 5, 6)

>>> e

(4, 5, 6)

其中zip(*a)与zip(a)相反，理解为解压

因为Python语言一般都很简洁，当我们有一个元素列表，和一个与之对应的标签列表，然而要在某一个位置分割他们，然后将两边的都单独拿出来形成单独的列表，我们就可以使用zip函数进行操作，可以简化代码data_class_list = list(zip(data_list, class_list)) # zip压缩合并，将数据与标签对应压缩

random.shuffle(data_class_list) # 将data_class_list乱序

index = int(len(data_class_list) * test_size) + 1 # 训练集和测试集切分的索引值

train_list = data_class_list[index:] # 训练集

test_list = data_class_list[:index] # 测试集

train_data_list, train_class_list = zip(*train_list) # 训练集解压缩

test_data_list, test_class_list = zip(*test_list) # 测试集解压缩相对于每个都去分割，然后分别形成的形式，这样相对会简单很多。