centos精简版安装mysql_centos安装mysql的三种方式

centos安装mysql的三种方式：

rpm安装、源码 二进制TAR包 又称二进制glibc(无需编译)、源码 TAR包 (要编译)

下面只介绍rpm安装和二进制glibc安装

方法一：配置yum仓库安装(和方法二原理一样，都是rpm安装)

1、下载安装yum仓库

```

yum -y install https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

```

2、安装

```

yum -y install mysql-community-server

```

3、启动

```

systemctl start mysqld

```

4、查看状态

```

systemctl status mysqld

```

5、查看初始密码

```

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

```

6、登录测试(用初始化密码)

```

mysql -uroot -p

```

7、修改root登录密码

```

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

flush privileges;

```

8、允许root远程访问

```

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

```

方法二：下载rpm包安装

1、下载安装包

官网

[https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/](https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/)

```

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

```

国内镜像站(中国科学技术大学镜像站)

[http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/](http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/)

```

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

```

2、解压

```

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

```

3、安装(各个rpm是有依赖的，所以要按顺序安装)

```

(1)rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

(2)rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果报错：

error: Failed dependencies:

mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

执行：yum -y remove mysql-libs再继续安装

(3)rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

(4)rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果报错：

error: Failed dependencies:

libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

执行：yum -y install libaio再继续安装

```

4、启动

```

systemctl start mysqld

```

5、查看状态

```

systemctl status mysqld

```

6、查看初始密码

```

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

```

7、登录测试(用初始化密码)

```

mysql -uroot -p

```

8、修改root登录密码

```

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

flush privileges;

```

9、允许root远程访问

```

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

```

方法三：源码 二进制TAR包 又称二进制glibc 安装

1、下载二进制glibc包

官网

[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/](https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/)(选择对应版本mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz)

```

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

```

国内镜像站(中国科学技术大学镜像站)

```

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

```

2、解压

```

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

```

3、将解压目录移动到自定义目录，并改名

```

mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

```

4、创建用户组和用户

```

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

```

5、创建配置文件

```

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 基本路径

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #数据路径 (先在/usr/local/mysql建data目录)

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock # socket文件

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log #错误日志

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid #pid文件

[mysql]

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

```

6、配置环境变量

```

vim /etc/profile

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql

export MYSQL_PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin

export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_PATH

source /etc/profile

```

7、初始化

```

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

报错：

error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因：缺少libaio库文件

解决：执行yum install libaio* -y 再重新初始化

```

8、修改属主属组

```

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

```

9、配置服务管理

```

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

mv mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

```

10、启动，设置密码

因为没有初始密码，用跳过授权表的方式来启动mysql

```

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables &

```

免密登录

```

mysql -uroot -p 不需要输入密码直接回车

flush privileges;

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

```

11、重启验证密码

```

service mysqld restart

service mysqld status

```

12、允许root远程访问

```

mysql -uroot -p

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

```