list对象_RT-Thread内核对象管理

在RT-Thread中，系统级的基础设施都被看作对象，例如线程、信号量、定时器等。对象分为静态对象和动态对象，静态对象通过类似定义全局变量的方式被定义，通常放在RW段和ZI段中；而动态对象是从堆中被构造出来。

内核对象的定义

RT-Thread的各种内核对象都由基类rt_object派生而来，每种内核对象都在继承了rt_object的成员后，再根据自身特性扩展了自己的成员。

对象控制块

对象控制块定义了内核对象的基本属性。每种内核对象都继承了这些属性。

/* include/rtdef.h */

/**
 * Base structure of Kernel object
 */
struct rt_object
{
    char       name[RT_NAME_MAX];                       /**< name of kernel object */
    rt_uint8_t type;                                    /**< type of kernel object */
    rt_uint8_t flag;                                    /**< flag of kernel object */

#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    void      *module_id;                               /**< id of application module */
#endif
    rt_list_t  list;                                    /**< list node of kernel object */
};
typedef struct rt_object *rt_object_t;                  /**< Type for kernel objects. */

• name：对象名称，由用户指定
• type：对象类型，目前支持的对象类型如下：

/* include/rtdef.h */

enum rt_object_class_type
{
    RT_Object_Class_Null   = 0,                         /**< The object is not used. */
    RT_Object_Class_Thread,                             /**< The object is a thread. */
    RT_Object_Class_Semaphore,                          /**< The object is a semaphore. */
    RT_Object_Class_Mutex,                              /**< The object is a mutex. */
    RT_Object_Class_Event,                              /**< The object is a event. */
    RT_Object_Class_MailBox,                            /**< The object is a mail box. */
    RT_Object_Class_MessageQueue,                       /**< The object is a message queue. */
    RT_Object_Class_MemHeap,                            /**< The object is a memory heap */
    RT_Object_Class_MemPool,                            /**< The object is a memory pool. */
    RT_Object_Class_Device,                             /**< The object is a device */
    RT_Object_Class_Timer,                              /**< The object is a timer. */
    RT_Object_Class_Module,                             /**< The object is a module. */
    RT_Object_Class_Unknown,                            /**< The object is unknown. */
    RT_Object_Class_Static = 0x80                       /**< The object is a static object. */
};

包括线程、信号量、互斥量、事件、邮箱、消息队列、内存堆、内存池、设备、模块。其中RT_Object_Class_Static表示对象为静态对象，可使用“|”运行符与上述类型一起使用。
- flag：对象标志，实际没有使用 - module_id：在开启了动态模块功能后使用 - list：对象节点，用于对象链表管理

内核对象容器

RT-Thread使用内核对象容器来管理各种内核对象，它定义了每种内核对象的类型及大小，并为每种内核对象定义了一个链表，所有的内核对象都根据其类型挂在相应的链表上。

内核对象容器其实是一个struct rt_object_information数组，数组的每个元素对应了一种内核对象。

/* src/object.c */

static struct rt_object_information rt_object_container[RT_Object_Info_Unknown] =
{
    /* initialize object container - thread */
    {RT_Object_Class_Thread, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Thread), sizeof(struct rt_thread)},
#ifdef RT_USING_SEMAPHORE
    /* initialize object container - semaphore */
    {RT_Object_Class_Semaphore, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Semaphore), sizeof(struct rt_semaphore)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MUTEX
    /* initialize object container - mutex */
    {RT_Object_Class_Mutex, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Mutex), sizeof(struct rt_mutex)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_EVENT
    /* initialize object container - event */
    {RT_Object_Class_Event, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Event), sizeof(struct rt_event)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MAILBOX
    /* initialize object container - mailbox */
    {RT_Object_Class_MailBox, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MailBox), sizeof(struct rt_mailbox)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MESSAGEQUEUE
    /* initialize object container - message queue */
    {RT_Object_Class_MessageQueue, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MessageQueue), sizeof(struct rt_messagequeue)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMHEAP
    /* initialize object container - memory heap */
    {RT_Object_Class_MemHeap, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MemHeap), sizeof(struct rt_memheap)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMPOOL
    /* initialize object container - memory pool */
    {RT_Object_Class_MemPool, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_MemPool), sizeof(struct rt_mempool)},
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICE
    /* initialize object container - device */
    {RT_Object_Class_Device, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Device), sizeof(struct rt_device)},
#endif
    /* initialize object container - timer */
    {RT_Object_Class_Timer, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Timer), sizeof(struct rt_timer)},
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    /* initialize object container - module */
    {RT_Object_Class_Module, _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Module), sizeof(struct rt_dlmodule)},
#endif
};

其中struct rt_object_information定义如下，包括对象类型、对象链表和对象大小。

/* include/rtdef.h */

/**
 * The information of the kernel object
 */
struct rt_object_information
{
    enum rt_object_class_type type;                     /**< object class type */
    rt_list_t                 object_list;              /**< object list */
    rt_size_t                 object_size;              /**< object size */
};

_OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT是一个宏，定义如下：

/* src/object.c */

#define _OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(c)     
    {&(rt_object_container[c].object_list), &(rt_object_container[c].object_list)}

以线程为例，_OBJ_CONTAINER_LIST_INIT(RT_Object_Info_Thread)展开后为：

{&(rt_object_container[RT_Object_Info_Thread].object_list), &(rt_object_container[RT_Object_Info_Thread].object_list)}

也就是让rt_object_container[RT_Object_Info_Thread].object_list的两个成员next和prev都指向自身，即初始化了一个空链表。

对象容器涵盖的内核对象种类如下：

/* src/object.c */

/*
 * define object_info for the number of rt_object_container items.
 */
enum rt_object_info_type
{
    RT_Object_Info_Thread = 0,                         /**< The object is a thread. */
#ifdef RT_USING_SEMAPHORE
    RT_Object_Info_Semaphore,                          /**< The object is a semaphore. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MUTEX
    RT_Object_Info_Mutex,                              /**< The object is a mutex. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_EVENT
    RT_Object_Info_Event,                              /**< The object is a event. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MAILBOX
    RT_Object_Info_MailBox,                            /**< The object is a mail box. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MESSAGEQUEUE
    RT_Object_Info_MessageQueue,                       /**< The object is a message queue. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMHEAP
    RT_Object_Info_MemHeap,                            /**< The object is a memory heap */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_MEMPOOL
    RT_Object_Info_MemPool,                            /**< The object is a memory pool. */
#endif
#ifdef RT_USING_DEVICE
    RT_Object_Info_Device,                             /**< The object is a device */
#endif
    RT_Object_Info_Timer,                              /**< The object is a timer. */
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    RT_Object_Info_Module,                             /**< The object is a module. */
#endif
    RT_Object_Info_Unknown,                            /**< The object is unknown. */
};

内核对象的操作

初始化对象

用于初始化静态内核对象。

/**
 * This function will initialize an object and add it to object system
 * management.
 *
 * @param object the specified object to be initialized.
 * @param type the object type.
 * @param name the object name. In system, the object's name must be unique.
 */
void rt_object_init(struct rt_object         *object,
                    enum rt_object_class_type type,
                    const char               *name)
{
    register rt_base_t temp;
    struct rt_list_node *node = RT_NULL;
    struct rt_object_information *information;
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    struct rt_dlmodule *module = dlmodule_self();
#endif

    /* get object information */
    information = rt_object_get_information(type);
    RT_ASSERT(information != RT_NULL);

    /* check object type to avoid re-initialization */

    /* enter critical */
    rt_enter_critical();
    /* try to find object */
    for (node  = information->object_list.next;
            node != &(information->object_list);
            node  = node->next)
    {
        struct rt_object *obj;

        obj = rt_list_entry(node, struct rt_object, list);
        if (obj) /* skip warning when disable debug */
        {
            RT_ASSERT(obj != object);
        }
    }
    /* leave critical */
    rt_exit_critical();

    /* initialize object's parameters */
    /* set object type to static */
    object->type = type | RT_Object_Class_Static;
    /* copy name */
    rt_strncpy(object->name, name, RT_NAME_MAX);

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_attach_hook, (object));

    /* lock interrupt */
    temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    if (module)
    {
        rt_list_insert_after(&(module->object_list), &(object->list));
        object->module_id = (void *)module;
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        /* insert object into information object list */
        rt_list_insert_after(&(information->object_list), &(object->list));
    }

    /* unlock interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);
}

完成的主要工作：
- 在对象容器中查找要初始化的对象，避免重复初始化。 - 形参type附加RT_Object_Class_Static后赋值给object->type，说明是静态对象。 - 形参name拷贝给object->name。 - 将该对象插入到相应类型的对象容器链表中。

脱离对象

用于把静态对象从对象容器中脱离。

/* src/object.c */

/**
 * This function will detach a static object from object system,
 * and the memory of static object is not freed.
 *
 * @param object the specified object to be detached.
 */
void rt_object_detach(rt_object_t object)
{
    register rt_base_t temp;

    /* object check */
    RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_detach_hook, (object));

    /* reset object type */
    object->type = 0;

    /* lock interrupt */
    temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    /* remove from old list */
    rt_list_remove(&(object->list));

    /* unlock interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);
}

完成的主要工作：
- 将对象类型object->type清0 - 将该对象从对应的对象容器链表中删除

分配对象

用于初始化动态内核对象。

/* src/object.c */

/**
 * This function will allocate an object from object system
 *
 * @param type the type of object
 * @param name the object name. In system, the object's name must be unique.
 *
 * @return object
 */
rt_object_t rt_object_allocate(enum rt_object_class_type type, const char *name)
{
    struct rt_object *object;
    register rt_base_t temp;
    struct rt_object_information *information;
#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    struct rt_dlmodule *module = dlmodule_self();
#endif

    RT_DEBUG_NOT_IN_INTERRUPT;

    /* get object information */
    information = rt_object_get_information(type);
    RT_ASSERT(information != RT_NULL);

    object = (struct rt_object *)RT_KERNEL_MALLOC(information->object_size);
    if (object == RT_NULL)
    {
        /* no memory can be allocated */
        return RT_NULL;
    }

    /* clean memory data of object */
    rt_memset(object, 0x0, information->object_size);

    /* initialize object's parameters */

    /* set object type */
    object->type = type;

    /* set object flag */
    object->flag = 0;

    /* copy name */
    rt_strncpy(object->name, name, RT_NAME_MAX);

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_attach_hook, (object));

    /* lock interrupt */
    temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

#ifdef RT_USING_MODULE
    if (module)
    {
        rt_list_insert_after(&(module->object_list), &(object->list));
        object->module_id = (void *)module;
    }
    else
#endif
    {
        /* insert object into information object list */
        rt_list_insert_after(&(information->object_list), &(object->list));
    }

    /* unlock interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);

    /* return object */
    return object;
}

完成的主要工作：
- 从堆中分配内核对象，并将其中数据清0 - 形参type赋值给object->type - 形参name拷贝给object->name - object->flag清0 - 将该对象插入到相应类型的对象容器链表中

删除对象

用于删除动态对象，释放动态对象的内存空间。

/* src/object.c */

/**
 * This function will delete an object and release object memory.
 *
 * @param object the specified object to be deleted.
 */
void rt_object_delete(rt_object_t object)
{
    register rt_base_t temp;

    /* object check */
    RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);
    RT_ASSERT(!(object->type & RT_Object_Class_Static));

    RT_OBJECT_HOOK_CALL(rt_object_detach_hook, (object));

    /* reset object type */
    object->type = 0;

    /* lock interrupt */
    temp = rt_hw_interrupt_disable();

    /* remove from old list */
    rt_list_remove(&(object->list));

    /* unlock interrupt */
    rt_hw_interrupt_enable(temp);

    /* free the memory of object */
    RT_KERNEL_FREE(object);
}

完成的主要工作：
- 将对象类型object->type清0 - 将该对象从对应的对象容器链表中删除 - 释放该对象占用的内存空间

判断对象是否为系统对象

在RT-Thread中，静态对象被认为是系统对象，所以该函数实际是在判断对象是否为静态对象。

/* src/object.c */

/**
 * This function will judge the object is system object or not.
 * Normally, the system object is a static object and the type
 * of object set to RT_Object_Class_Static.
 *
 * @param object the specified object to be judged.
 *
 * @return RT_TRUE if a system object, RT_FALSE for others.
 */
rt_bool_t rt_object_is_systemobject(rt_object_t object)
{
    /* object check */
    RT_ASSERT(object != RT_NULL);

    if (object->type & RT_Object_Class_Static)
        return RT_TRUE;

    return RT_FALSE;
}