嵌入式C语言代码自动生成工具,嵌入式ARM、C语言及开发工具的熟练

嵌入式导论实验报告Guo-Lab1

ARM——Assembled and C

实验题目

熟悉实验环境和实验工具

实验目的

搭建实验环境——Keil,熟悉开发板EK-TM4C123GXL,熟悉C语言和汇编指令的编写

实验要求

开发板的LED灯闪烁不同颜色,生成波形,改变占空比,学会正确的调试开发板

实验源码和结果

EK-TM4C123GXL

LED 电路图

使开发板的灯RGB闪烁

代码

使用C和Assemble混合编程

C:

int main(void)

{

uint_32_t status;

PortF_Init();

while(1)

{

switch(status)

case 0x01:

PortF_Output(BLUE);

break;

case 0x10:

PortF_Output(RED);

break;

case 0x00:

PortF_Output(GREEN);

break;

case 0x11:

PortF_Output(0);

break;

}

}

ASM:

GPIO_PORTF_DATA_R EQU 0x400253FC

GPIO_PORTF_DIR_R EQU 0x40025400

GPIO_PORTF_AFSEL_R EQU 0x40025420

GPIO_PORTF_PUR_R EQU 0x40025510

GPIO_PORTF_DEN_R EQU 0x4002551C

GPIO_PORTF_LOCK_R EQU 0x40025520

GPIO_PORTF_CR_R EQU 0x40025524

GPIO_PORTF_AMSEL_R EQU 0x40025528

GPIO_PORTF_PCTL_R EQU 0x4002552C

GPIO_LOCK_KEY EQU 0x4C4F434B ; Unlocks the GPIO_CR register

RED EQU 0x02

BLUE EQU 0x04

GREEN EQU 0x08

SW1 EQU 0x10 ; on the left side of the Launchpad board

SW2 EQU 0x01 ; on the right side of the Launchpad board

SYSCTL_RCGCGPIO_R EQU 0x400FE608

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY, ALIGN=2

THUMB

EXPORT Start

Start

BL PortF_Init ; initialize input and output pins of Port F

loop

LDR R0, =FIFTHSEC ; R0 = FIFTHSEC (delay 0.2 second)

BL delay ; delay at least (3*R0) cycles

BL PortF_Input ; read all of the switches on Port F

CMP R0, #0x01 ; R0 == 0x01?

BEQ sw1pressed ; if so, switch 1 pressed

CMP R0, #0x10 ; R0 == 0x10?

BEQ sw2pressed ; if so, switch 2 pressed

CMP R0, #0x00 ; R0 == 0x00?

BEQ bothpressed ; if so, both switches pressed

CMP R0, #0x11 ; R0 == 0x11?

BEQ nopressed ; if so, neither switch pressed

; if none of the above, unexpected return value

MOV R0, #(RED+GREEN+BLUE) ; R0 = (RED|GREEN|BLUE) (all LEDs on)

BL PortF_Output ; turn all of the LEDs on

B loop

sw1pressed

MOV R0, #BLUE ; R0 = BLUE (blue LED on)

BL PortF_Output ; turn the blue LED on

B loop

sw2pressed

MOV R0, #RED ; R0 = RED (red LED on)

BL PortF_Output ; turn the red LED on

B loop

bothpressed

MOV R0, #GREEN ; R0 = GREEN (green LED on)

BL PortF_Output ; turn the green LED on

B loop

nopressed

MOV R0, #0 ; R0 = 0 (no LEDs on)

BL PortF_Output ; turn all of the LEDs off

B loop

;------------delay------------

; Delay function for testing, which delays about 3*count cycles.

; Input: R0 count

; Output: none

ONESEC EQU 5333333 ; approximately 1s delay at ~16 MHz clock

QUARTERSEC EQU 1333333 ; approximately 0.25s delay at ~16 MHz clock

FIFTHSEC EQU 1066666 ; approximately 0.2s delay at ~16 MHz clock

delay

SUBS R0, R0, #1 ; R0 = R0 - 1 (count = count - 1)

BNE delay ; if count (R0) != 0, skip to 'delay'

BX LR ; return

;------------PortF_Init------------

; Initialize GPIO Port F for negative logic switches on PF0 and

; PF4 as the Launchpad is wired. Weak internal pull-up

; resistors are enabled, and the NMI functionality on PF0 is

; disabled. Make the RGB LED's pins outputs.

; Input: none

; Output: none

; Modifies: R0, R1, R2

PortF_Init

LDR R1, =SYSCTL_RCGCGPIO_R ; 1) activate clock for Port F

LDR R0, [R1]

ORR R0, R0, #0x20 ; set bit 5 to turn on clock

STR R0, [R1]

NOP

NOP ; allow time for clock to finish

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_LOCK_R ; 2) unlock the lock register

LDR R0, =0x4C4F434B ; unlock GPIO Port F Commit Register

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_CR_R ; enable commit for Port F

MOV R0, #0xFF ; 1 means allow access

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_AMSEL_R ; 3) disable analog functionality

MOV R0, #0 ; 0 means analog is off

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_PCTL_R ; 4) configure as GPIO

MOV R0, #0x00000000 ; 0 means configure Port F as GPIO

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_DIR_R ; 5) set direction register

MOV R0,#0x0E ; PF0 and PF7-4 input, PF3-1 output

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_AFSEL_R ; 6) regular port function

MOV R0, #0 ; 0 means disable alternate function

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_PUR_R ; pull-up resistors for PF4,PF0

MOV R0, #0x11 ; enable weak pull-up on PF0 and PF4

STR R0, [R1]

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_DEN_R ; 7) enable Port F digital port

MOV R0, #0xFF ; 1 means enable digital I/O

STR R0, [R1]

BX LR

;------------PortF_Input------------

; Read and return the status of the switches.

; Input: none

; Output: R0 0x01 if only Switch 1 is pressed

; R0 0x10 if only Switch 2 is pressed

; R0 0x00 if both switches are pressed

; R0 0x11 if no switches are pressed

; Modifies: R1

PortF_Input

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_DATA_R ; pointer to Port F data

LDR R0, [R1] ; read all of Port F

AND R0,R0,#0x11 ; just the input pins PF0 and PF4

BX LR ; return R0 with inputs

;------------PortF_Output------------

; Set the output state of PF3-1.

; Input: R0 new state of PF

; Output: none

; Modifies: R1

PortF_Output

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTF_DATA_R ; pointer to Port F data

STR R0, [R1] ; write to PF3-1

BX LR

ALIGN ; make sure the end of this section is aligned

END ; end of file

改变周期方波的占空比

加入nop可以改变占空比

占空比改变.png

代码

GPIO_PORTD_DATA_R EQU 0x400073FC

GPIO_PORTD_DIR_R EQU 0x40007400

GPIO_PORTD_LOCK_R EQU 0x4C4F434B

GPIO_PORTD_AFSEL_R EQU 0x40007420

GPIO_PORTD_DEN_R EQU 0x4000751C

SYSCTL_RCGCGPIO_R EQU 0x400FE108

AREA |.text|, CODE, READONLY, ALIGN=2

THUMB

EXPORT Start

GPIO_Init

; 1) activate clock for Port D

LDR R1, =SYSCTL_RCGCGPIO_R

LDR R0, [R1]

ORR R0, R0, #0x04

STR R0, [R1]

NOP

NOP

NOP

NOP

; 3) set direction register

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTD_DIR_R

LDR R0, [R1]

ORR R0, R0, #0x04

BIC R0, R0, #0x01

STR R0, [R1]

; 4) regular port function

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTD_AFSEL_R

LDR R0, [R1]

BIC R0,R0,#0x05

STR R0,[R1]

; 5) enable digital port

LDR R1, =GPIO_PORTD_DEN_R

LDR R0, [R1]

ORR R0, R0, #0x05

STR R0, [R1]

BX LR

Start

BL GPIO_Init

LDR R0, =GPIO_PORTD_DATA_R

loop

LDR R1,[R0]

AND R1,#0x01

EOR R1,#0x01

STR R1,[R0]

;------------

nop

nop

;------------

LSL R1,#2

STR R1,[R0]

B loop

loop

LDR R1,[R0]

AND R1,#0x01

EOR R1,#0x01

STR R1,[R0]

;------------

nop

nop

nop

nop

nop

nop

nop

;------------

LSL R1,#2

STR R1,[R0]

B loop

ALIGN; make sure the end of this section is aligned

END ; end of file

实验总结

1.C与汇编混合编程体会

可以用C去做一些主要演算主要处理，搭一个整体的逻辑框架，用汇编去做一些驱动函数，中断处理函数，或者对管脚和端口的设置函数。

2.实验使用到的ARM 指令总结

除了一些上学期学过的类似于MIPS和x86的寄存器和汇编指令，如ADD，SUB，MOV之外，学会使用新的指令

LDR指令的格式：

LDR{条件} 目的寄存器

作用：将 存储器地址 所指地址处连续的4个字节(1个字)的数据传送到目的寄存器中。

ORR 指令的格式为：

ORR{条件}{S} 目的寄存器，操作数 1，操作数 2

ORR 指令用于在两个操作数上进行逻辑或运算，并把结果放置到目的寄存器中。操作数 1应是一个寄存器，操作数 2 可以是一个寄存器，被移位的寄存器，或一个立即数。该指令常用于设置操作数 1 的某些位。

STR指令的格式为：

STR{条件} 源寄存器，

STR指令用亍从源寄存器中将一个32位的字数据传送到存储器中。该指令在程序设计中比较常用，寻址方式灵活多样，使用方式可参考指令LDR。

BIC : 位清除(Bit Clear)

BIC{条件}{S} , , dest = op_1 AND (!op_2)

BIC是在一个字中清除位的一种方法，与 OR 位设置是相反的操作。操作数 2 是一个 32 位位掩码(mask)。如果如果在掩码中设置了某一位，则清除这一位。未设置的掩码位指示此位保持不变。

3.遇到的问题

驱动问题，总是无法flush到板子上，尝试了各种办法最后使用舍友的电脑完成的实验。。。