最近在看《linux高性能服務器編程》,在此做個日記,以激勵自己,同時分享於有需要的朋友。
1. 讀取和設置socket文件描述符屬性:
#include
int getsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int option_name, void *option_value, socklen_t *restrict option_len);
int setsockopt(int sockfd, int level, int option_name, const void *option_value, socklen_t option_len);sockfd參數指定被操作的目標socket。
level參數指定要操作哪個協議的選項,即屬性,比如:IPv4, IPv6, TCP 和通用socket選項。
option_name參數指定選項的名字。
option_value參數指定選項的值。
option_len參參數指定選項的長度。
調用成功時返回0, 失敗時返回-1, 並設置errno。
2. 對服務器而言,有部分socket選項只能在調用listen前設置才會有效。因為連接socket只能由accept調用返回,而accept從listen監聽隊列中接受的連接至少已經完成了TCP三次握手的前兩個步聚,listen監聽隊列的連接至少已進入SYN_RCVD狀態,這時服務器已經往被連接上發送TCP同步報文。
3. SO_REUSeADDR選項:重用本地地址
未設置此項前,若服務端開啟后,又關閉,此時sock處於TIME_WAIT狀態,與之綁定的socket地址不可重用,而導致再次開啟服務端失敗。
經過setsockopt設置之后, 即使處於TIME_WAIT些狀態也可以立即被重用。
int reuse = 1;
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizof(reuse));
4. SO_RCVBUF 和 SO_SNDBUF :TCP接收緩沖區和發送緩沖區的大小
當然,即使我們設置了這兩項的大小時, 系統都會自動將其加倍, 並且不得小於某個最小值。
TCP接收緩沖區的最小值是 256 字節, 而發送緩沖區的最小值是 2048 字節。(不同系統可能會有差異)
這么做的目的是確保一個TCP連接擁有足夠多的空閑緩沖區來處理擁塞。
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf));
getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, (socklen_t*)&len);
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, (socklen_t*)&len);
5. 代碼
//服務端
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if (argc <= 3) {
printf("Usage: %s ip port revc_size\n", basename(argv[0]));
return 1;
}
const char *ip = argv[1];
int port = atoi(argv[2]);
struct sockaddr_in address;
bzero(&address, sizeof(address));
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_port = htons(port);
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr);
int sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
assert(sock >= 0);
//設置地址可重用
int reuse = 1;
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &reuse, sizof(reuse));
int recvbuf = atoi(argv[3]);
int len = sizeof(recvbuf);
//設置接受緩沖區大小
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
//獲取系統修改后的大小
getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &recvbuf, (socklen_t*)&len);
printf("the receive buffer size after setting is %d\n", recvbuf);
int ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&address, sizeof(address));
assert(ret != -1);
ret = listen(sock, 5);
assert(ret != -1);
struct sockaddr_in client;
socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof(client);
int connfd = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&client, &client_addrlength);
if (connfd < 0) {
printf("errno is: %d\n", errno);
}
else {
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
memset(buffer, '\0', BUFFER_SIZE);
while (recv(connfd, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE-1, 0) > 0);
printf("recv: %s\n", buffer);
close(connfd);
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}
運行后:
jason@lightning:~/myproject/test_recv$ ./test_recv localhost 8000 50
the receive buffer size after setting is 2280
很明顯被修改過了, 我們給的50, 被改為2280。
//客戶端
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if(argc <= 3) {
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s ip port send_buffer_size\n",
basename(argv[0]));
return 1;
}
const char *ip = argv[1];
int port = atoi(argv[2]);
struct sockaddr_in server_address;
bzero(&server_address, sizeof(server_address));
server_address.sin_family = AF_INET;
server_address.sin_port = htons(port);
inet_pton(AF_INET, ip, &server_address.sin_addr);
int sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
assert(sock >= 0);
int sendbuf = atoi(argv[3]);
int len = sizeof(sendbuf);
//設置發送緩沖區大小
setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, sizeof(sendbuf));
//獲取系統修改后的大小
getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sendbuf, (socklen_t*)&len);
printf("the tcp send buffer size after setting is %d\n",
sendbuf);
if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&server_address, sizeof(server_address)) != -1) {
char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
memset(buffer, 'a', BUFFER_SIZE);
send(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
}
else {
printf("connect %s failed\n", ip);
}
close(sock);
return 0;
}
運行后:
jason@lightning:~/myproject/test_send$ ./test_send localhost 8000 2000
the tcp send buffer size after setting is 4000
給的是2000, 被改成4000了。