apache httpclient 工具类_HttpClient

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-25 09:42:11 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-25 09:42:11 发布

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文章标签： apache httpclient 工具类 httpclient依赖

一、 HttpClient 简介

HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

简介

HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了，越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net 包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能，但是对于大部分应用程序来说，JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。

二、 HttpClient 应用

创建jar工程，修改 pom.xml 文件添加 HttpClient 坐标

	<dependencies>
		<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.httpcomponents/httpclient -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
			<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
			<version>4.3.5</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

1 发送 GET 请求不带参数

编写测试代码

public class HttpClientTest { 
 
      public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		HttpClientTest.doGet();
		//HttpClientTest.doGetParam();
		//HttpClientTest.doPostTest();
		//HttpClientTest.doPostParamTest();
		//HttpClientTest.doPostParamJsonTest();
		//HttpClientTest.HttpClientUtilTest();
	}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// get请求不带参数
	public static void doGet() throws Exception {
		// 创建一个httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient cd = HttpClients.createDefault();
		// 创建get请求对象，在请求中输入url
		HttpGet get = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com");
		// 发送请求，并返回响应
		CloseableHttpResponse res = cd.execute(get);
		// 处理响应
		// 并获取响应的状态码
		int code = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(code);
		// 获取响应内容
		HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
		String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(content);
		//关闭连接
		cd.close();
	}

2 发送 GET 请求带参数

// get请求带参数
	public static void doGetParam() throws Exception {
		// 创建一个httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient cd = HttpClients.createDefault();
        //创建一个封装url对象，在该对象中可以给定请求参数
		URIBuilder bui=new URIBuilder("https://www.sogou.com/web");
		bui.addParameter("query", "西游记");
		//创建一个get请求对象
		HttpGet get=new HttpGet(bui.build());
		// 发送请求，并返回响应
		CloseableHttpResponse res = cd.execute(get);
		// 处理响应
		// 并获取响应的状态码
		int code = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(code);
		// 获取响应内容
		HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
		String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(content);
		//关闭连接
		cd.close();
	}

发送 POST（准备）

创建父工程(pom)和子工程（war）添加相应的pom.xml依赖。完善springmvc和web.xml文件

postDemo代码

package com.bjsxt.web.controller;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.print.attribute.standard.Media;

import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.bjsxt.pojo.Users;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class postDemo {
        
        //发送 POST 请求不带参数
	@RequestMapping(value = "/post",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	@ResponseBody
	public Object postTest() {
		Map<String, String> map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("msg", "Test OK");		
		return map;	
	}
	//发送 POST 请求带参数
	@RequestMapping(value = "/post/param",method=RequestMethod.POST,produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE+";charset=utf-8")
	@ResponseBody
	public Object postParamTest(String name,String pwd) {
		System.out.println(name+" --------- "+pwd);
		Map<String, String> map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("name",name);
		map.put("pwd", pwd);
		return map;		
	}
	// POST 请求的参数中传递 JSON 格式数据
	@RequestMapping(value = "/post/param/json",method=RequestMethod.POST)
	@ResponseBody
	public Object postParamTestJson(@RequestBody Users users) {
		System.out.println(users.getName()+" ----JSON----- "+users.getPwd());
		Map<String, String> map=new HashMap<>();
		map.put("name",users.getName());
		map.put("pwd", users.getPwd());
		return map;		
	}
}

3.发送 POST 请求不带参数

//post请求不带参数
	public static void doPostTest() throws Exception{
		// 创建一个httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient cd = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post");
		CloseableHttpResponse res = cd.execute(post);
		// 处理响应
		// 并获取响应的状态码
		int code = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(code);
		// 获取响应内容
		HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
		String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(content);
		//关闭连接
		cd.close();
	}

4 发送 POST 请求带参数

//发送POST请求带参数
	public static void doPostParamTest() throws Exception {
		CloseableHttpClient cd = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post/param");
		//给定参数
		List<BasicNameValuePair> list=new ArrayList<>();
		list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "刘德华"));
		list.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "ldh"));
		//将参数做字符串的转换
		StringEntity se=new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list, "utf-8");
		//向请求中绑定参数
		post.setEntity(se);
		// 处理响应
		CloseableHttpResponse res = cd.execute(post);
		// 并获取响应的状态码
		int code = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(code);
		// 获取响应内容
		HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
		String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(content);
		//关闭连接
		cd.close();
	}

5 在 POST 请求的参数中传递 JSON 格式数据

//发送POST请求带JSON格式参数
	public static void doPostParamJsonTest() throws Exception{
		CloseableHttpClient cd = HttpClients.createDefault();
		HttpPost post=new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/test/post/param/json");
		String json="{"name":"娜扎","pwd":"1t2e3"}";
		StringEntity se=new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
		//向请求中绑定参数
		post.setEntity(se);
		// 处理响应
		CloseableHttpResponse res = cd.execute(post);
		// 并获取响应的状态码
		int code = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
		System.out.println(code);
		// 获取响应内容
		HttpEntity entity = res.getEntity();
		String content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, "utf-8");
		System.out.println(content);
		//关闭连接
		cd.close();
	}

6 HttpClient 自定义工具类的使用

6.1 编写工具类

package com.sxt.commons;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URI;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

public class HttpClientUtil {

	public static String doGet(String url, Map<String, String> param) {

		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();

		String resultString = "";
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		try {
			// 创建uri
			URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder(url);
			if (param != null) {
				for (String key : param.keySet()) {
					builder.addParameter(key, param.get(key));
				}
			}
			URI uri = builder.build();

			// 创建http GET请求
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(uri);

			// 执行请求
			response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
			// 判断返回状态是否为200
			if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
				resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				if (response != null) {
					response.close();
				}
				httpclient.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return resultString;
	}

	public static String doGet(String url) {
		return doGet(url, null);
	}

	public static String doPost(String url, Map<String, String> param) {
		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		String resultString = "";
		try {
			// 创建Http Post请求
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 创建参数列表
			if (param != null) {
				List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList<>();
				for (String key : param.keySet()) {
					paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key)));
				}
				// 模拟表单
				UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList,"utf-8");
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			// 执行http请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				response.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return resultString;
	}

	public static String doPost(String url) {
		return doPost(url, null);
	}
	
	public static String doPostJson(String url, String json) {
		// 创建Httpclient对象
		CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
		CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
		String resultString = "";
		try {
			// 创建Http Post请求
			HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			// 创建请求内容
			StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);
			httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			// 执行http请求
			response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			resultString = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				response.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return resultString;
	}
}

6.2 测试工具类

//测试HttpClient工具类
	public static void HttpClientUtilTest() {
		String url="http://localhost:8080/test/post/param";
		Map<String, String> param=new HashMap<>();
		param.put("name", "达英");
		param.put("pwd", "fjgui");
		String result = HttpClientUtil.doPost(url, param);
		System.out.println(result);
	}

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apache httpclient 工具类_HttpClient

一、 HttpClient 简介 HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。简介 HTTP 协议可能是现在 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议了，越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTT...
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