python枚举类的意义_Python枚举类

Enum可以把一组相关常量定义在一个class中，且class不可变，而且成员可以直接比较。

定义枚举类：

from enumimport Enum, unique

@uniqueclassWeekday(Enum):

Sun= 0# Sun的value被设定为0

Mon= 1Tue= 2Wed= 3Thu= 4Fri= 5Sat= 6

可以看到括号里面是Enum ，即继承自枚举类

然后给这个枚举类的每个成员赋予一个值

@unique装饰器可以帮助我们检查保证没有重复值。

使用：

>>> day1 = Weekday.Mon

>>> print(day1)

Weekday.Mon

>>> print(Weekday.Tue)

Weekday.Tue

>>> print(Weekday[‘Tue‘])

Weekday.Tue

>>> print(Weekday.Tue.value)

2

>>> print(day1 == Weekday.Mon)

True

>>> print(day1 == Weekday.Tue)

False

>>> print(Weekday(1))

Weekday.Mon

>>> print(day1 == Weekday(1))

True

>>> Weekday(7)

Traceback (most recent call last):

...

ValueError: 7 is not a valid Weekday

>>> for name, member in Weekday.__members__.items():

... print(name, ‘=>‘, member)

...

Sun => Weekday.Sun

Mon => Weekday.Mon

Tue => Weekday.Tue

Wed => Weekday.Wed

Thu => Weekday.Thu

Fri => Weekday.Fri

Sat => Weekday.Sat