td; 您需要调整数据的形状以使其具有空间尺寸,以便Conv1d有意义:
X = np.expand_dims(X, axis=2) # reshape (569, 30) to (569, 30, 1)
# now input can be set as
model.add(Conv1D(2,2,activation='relu',input_shape=(30, 1))
本质上是重塑如下所示的数据集:
features
.8, .1, .3
.2, .4, .6
.7, .2, .1
至:
[[.8
.1
.3],
[.2,
.4,
.6
],
[.3,
.6
.1]]
解释和例子
通常,卷积在空间维度上起作用。 内核在产生张量的维度上“卷积”。 对于Conv1D,在每个示例的“步骤”维度上传递内核。
您会看到在NLP中使用的Conv1D,其中2712324223929929943040是句子中的单词数(填充到某个固定的最大长度)。 单词可能会被编码为长度为4的向量。
这是一个示例语句:
jack .1 .3 -.52 |
is .05 .8, -.7 |
a .5 .31 -.2 |
boy .5 .8 -.4 \|/
在这种情况下,我们将输入设置为转换的方式:
maxlen = 4
input_dim = 3
model.add(Conv1D(2,2,activation='relu',input_shape=(maxlen, input_dim))
在您的情况下,您会将要素视为空间维度,每个要素的长度为1。(请参见下文)
这是您数据集中的一个例子
att1 .04 |
att2 .05 | < -- kernel convolving along this dimension
att3 .1 | notice the features have length 1. each
att4 .5 \|/ example have these 4 featues.
然后将Conv1D示例设置为:
maxlen = num_features = 4 # this would be 30 in your case
input_dim = 1 # since this is the length of _each_ feature (as shown above)
model.add(Conv1D(2,2,activation='relu',input_shape=(maxlen, input_dim))
如您所见,数据集必须重塑为(569,30,1)采用:
X = np.expand_dims(X, axis=2) # reshape (569, 30, 1)
# now input can be set as
model.add(Conv1D(2,2,activation='relu',input_shape=(30, 1))
这是一个可以运行的完整示例(我将使用Functional API)
from keras.models import Model
from keras.layers import Conv1D, Dense, MaxPool1D, Flatten, Input
import numpy as np
inp = Input(shape=(5, 1))
conv = Conv1D(filters=2, kernel_size=2)(inp)
pool = MaxPool1D(pool_size=2)(conv)
flat = Flatten()(pool)
dense = Dense(1)(flat)
model = Model(inp, dense)
model.compile(loss='mse', optimizer='adam')
print(model.summary())
# get some data
X = np.expand_dims(np.random.randn(10, 5), axis=2)
y = np.random.randn(10, 1)
# fit model
model.fit(X, y)