python如何使用django_Python Django 零基础破门而入篇（二）

importtracebackfrom copy importdeepcopyfrom django.contrib importadminfrom django.core.exceptions importValidationErrorfrom django.db.transaction importTransactionManagementErrorfrom django.utils.encoding importforce_textfrom import_export.results importRowResultfrom app importmodelsfrom import_export importresourcesfrom import_export.admin importImportExportModelAdminfrom django.apps importappsfrom django.db.models importQuerySetimporttablib#Register your models here.

admin.site.site_header = "大佬管理"admin.site.site_title= "大佬管理后台管理"

classbossInfoResource(resources.ModelResource):def __init__(self):

super(bossInfoResource, self).__init__()

field_list=models.bossInfo._meta.fields

self.vname_dict={}

self.fkey=[]

customeFields=("id", "age", "gender", "likeFruit", "userUrl", "name", "desc",)for i infield_list:if i.name incustomeFields:

self.vname_dict[i.name]=i.verbose_name.lower()

self.fkey.append(i.name)#默认导入导出field的column_name为字段的名称，这里修改为字段的verbose_name

defget_export_fields(self):

fields=self.get_fields()for field infields:

field_name=self.get_field_name(field)#如果我们设置过verbose_name，则将column_name替换为verbose_name。否则维持原有的字段名

if field_name inself.vname_dict.keys():

field.column_name=self.vname_dict[field_name]returnfieldsdef after_import(self, dataset, result, using_transactions, dry_run, **kwargs):print("after_import")def after_import_instance(self, instance, new, **kwargs):print("after_import_instance")#重载resources.py的export方法，修改将要导出的data的某些外键相关数据。默认导出外键id，这里修改为导出外键对应的值

def export(self, queryset=None, *args, **kwargs):

self.before_export(queryset,*args, **kwargs)if queryset isNone:

queryset=self.get_queryset()

headers=self.get_export_headers()

headers.append("创建时间")

headers.append("修改时间")

headers.append("创建者")

headers.append("修改者")

data= tablib.Dataset(headers=headers)#获取所有外键名称在headers中的位置

fk_index ={}for fk inself.fkey:

fk_index[fk]=headers.index(self.vname_dict[fk])#--------------------- #

ifisinstance(queryset, QuerySet):#Iterate without the queryset cache, to avoid wasting memory when

#exporting large datasets.

iterable =queryset.iterator()else:

iterable=querysetfor obj initerable:#--------------------- #

#获取将要导出的源数据，这里export_resource返回的是列表，便于更改。替换到外键的值

#可以对所有字段值进行二次处理

res =self.export_resource(obj)

res[fk_index['id']] =obj.id

res[fk_index['age']] =obj.age

res[fk_index['gender']] =obj.gender

res[fk_index['likeFruit']] =obj.likeFruit

res[fk_index['userUrl']] =obj.userUrl

res[fk_index['name']] =obj.name

res[fk_index['desc']] =obj.desc

res.append(obj.createTime)

res.append(obj.lastTime)

res.append(obj.creator.username)

res.append(obj.editor.username)

data.append(res)#--------------------- #

self.after_export(queryset, data, *args, **kwargs)returndata#导入前

def before_import_row(self, row, **kwargs):print(row)#导入后(执行更新创建者修改)

def after_import_row(self, row, row_result, **kwargs):print(row)#导入数据 自动将当前登录用户 赋值给创建者和修改者

def import_row(self, row, instance_loader, using_transactions=True, dry_run=False, **kwargs):print(instance_loader)

row_result=self.get_row_result_class()()try:

self.before_import_row(row,**kwargs)

instance, new=self.get_or_init_instance(instance_loader, row)

self.after_import_instance(instance, new,**kwargs)ifnew:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_NEWelse:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_UPDATE

row_result.new_record=new

original=deepcopy(instance)

diff=self.get_diff_class()(self, original, new)ifself.for_delete(row, instance):ifnew:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_SKIP

diff.compare_with(self, None, dry_run)else:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_DELETE

self.delete_instance(instance, using_transactions, dry_run)

diff.compare_with(self, None, dry_run)else:

import_validation_errors={}try:

self.import_obj(instance, row, dry_run)exceptValidationError as e:#Validation errors from import_obj() are passed on to

#validate_instance(), where they can be combined with model

#instance validation errors if necessary

import_validation_errors =e.update_error_dict(import_validation_errors)ifself.skip_row(instance, original):

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_SKIPelse:

self.validate_instance(instance, import_validation_errors)print(instance)print("dry_run", dry_run)if instance.creator is None:

instance.creator = kwargs["user"]

instance.editor = kwargs["user"]

self.save_instance(instance, using_transactions, dry_run)

self.save_m2m(instance, row, using_transactions, dry_run)#Add object info to RowResult for LogEntry

row_result.object_id =instance.pk

row_result.object_repr=force_text(instance)

diff.compare_with(self, instance, dry_run)

row_result.diff=diff.as_html()

self.after_import_row(row, row_result,**kwargs)exceptValidationError as e:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_INVALID

row_result.validation_error=eexceptException as e:

row_result.import_type=RowResult.IMPORT_TYPE_ERROR#There is no point logging a transaction error for each row

#when only the original error is likely to be relevant

if notisinstance(e, TransactionManagementError):print(e)

tb_info=traceback.format_exc()

row_result.errors.append(self.get_error_result_class()(e, tb_info, row))returnrow_resultclassMeta:

model=models.bossInfo

skip_unchanged=True

report_skipped=True

fields=("id", "age", "gender", "likeFruit", "userUrl", "name", "desc",)

@admin.register(models.bossInfo)classbossInfoAdmin(ImportExportModelAdmin):

fields=("name", "age", "gender","likeFruit", "userUrl", "desc")

list_display=("name", "age", "gender","likeFruit", "userUrl","createTime","lastTime","creator", "editor")

list_display_links= ("name",)

exclude= ("createTime", "creator", "editor")

search_fields= ("name",)

list_filter= ("gender", "likeFruit")

model_icon= "fa fa-tag"list_per_page= 20ordering= ["-id"]

resource_class=bossInfoResourcedefsave_model(self, request, obj, form, change):ifform.is_valid():ifchange:

obj.editor=request.userelse:

obj.creator=request.user

obj.editor=request.user

obj.save()

super().save_model(request, obj, form, change)