python中list的操作_Python 中 list 的各项操作技巧

最近在学习 python 语言。大致学习了 python 的基础语法。觉得 python 在数据处理中的地位和它的 list 操作密不可分。

特学习了相关的基础操作并在这里做下笔记。

'''

Python --version Python 2.7.11

Quote : https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/datastructures.html#more-on-lists

Add by camel97 2017-04

'''

list.append(x) #在列表的末端添加一个新的元素

Add an item to the end of the list; equivalent to a[len(a):] = [x].

list.extend(L)#将两个 list 中的元素合并到一起

Extend the list by appending all the items in the given list; equivalent to a[len(a):] = L.

list.insert(i, x)#将元素插入到指定的位置(位置为索引为 i 的元素的前面一个)

Insert an item at a given position. The first argument is the index of the element before which to insert, so a.insert(0, x) inserts at the front of the list, and a.insert(len(a), x) is equivalent to a.append(x).

list.remove(x)#删除 list 中第一个值为 x 的元素(即如果 list 中有两个 x , 只会删除第一个 x )

Remove the first item from the list whose value is x. It is an error if there is no such item.

list.pop([i])#删除 list 中的第 i 个元素并且返回这个元素。如果不给参数 i ,将默认删除 list  中最后一个元素

Remove the item at the given position in the list, and return it. If no index is specified, a.pop() removes and returns the last item in the list. (The square brackets around the i in the method signature denote that the parameter is optional, not that you should type square brackets at that position. You will see this notation frequently in the Python Library Reference.)

list.index(x)#返回 list 中 ， 值为 X 的元素的索引

Return the index in the list of the first item whose value is x. It is an error if there is no such item.

list.count(x)#返回 list 中 ， 值为 x 的元素的个数

Return the number of times x appears in the list.

demo:

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-

L = [1,2,3] #创建 list

L2 = [4,5,6]

print L

L.append(6) #添加

print L

L.extend(L2) #合并

print L

L.insert(0,0) #插入

print L

L.remove(6) #删除

print L

L.pop() #删除

print L

print L.index(2)#索引

print L.count(2)#计数

L.reverse()　　　#倒序

print L

result:

[1, 2, 3]

[1, 2, 3, 6]

[1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 5, 6]

[0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 4, 5, 6]

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

2

1

[5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]

list.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False)

Sort the items of the list in place (the arguments can be used for sort customization, see sorted() for their explanation).

1.对一个 list 进行排序。默认按照从小到大的顺序排序

L = [2,5,3,7,1]

L.sort()

print L

==>[1, 2, 3, 5, 7]

L = ['a','j','g','b']

L.sort()

print L

==>['a', 'b', 'g', 'j']