Base64是一种基于64个可打印字符来表示二进制数据的表示方法。由于2的6次方等于64,所以每6个比特为一个单元,对应某个可打印字符。三个字节有24个比特,对应于4个Base64单元,即3个字节需要用4个可打印字符来表示。它可用来作为电子邮件的传输编码。在Base64中的可打印字符包括字母A-Z、a-z、数字0-9 ,这样共有62个字符,此外两个可打印符号在不同的系统中而不同(本类库里面用的是`+`,`/`这两个字符)。一些如uuencode的其他编码方法,和之后binhex的版本使用不同的64字符集来代表6个二进制数字,但是它们不叫Base64。
Base64常用于在通常处理文本数据的场合,表示、传输、存储一些二进制数据。包括MIME的email,email via MIME, 在XML中存储复杂数据。
Base64其实是一种简单的置换加密方式,但是BASE64的用处往往并不是为了防止信息泄露,而且为了方便传输,进过BASE64编码后的信息会比原始信息长,大概是4/3倍。
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
/**
* base64编码
* @param {Object} str
*/
function base64encode(str){
var out, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) <
out += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if (i == len) {
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) <> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) <
out += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3) <> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) <> 6));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return out;
}
/**
* base64解码
* @param {Object} str
*/
function base64decode(str){
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, out;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while (i
/* c1 */
do {
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
}
while (i
if (c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do {
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
}
while (i
if (c2 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 <> 4));
/* c3 */
do {
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c3 == 61)
return out;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
}
while (i
if (c3 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) <> 2));
/* c4 */
do {
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if (c4 == 61)
return out;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
}
while (i
if (c4 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) <
}
return out;
}
/**
* utf16转utf8
* @param {Object} str
*/
function utf16to8(str){
var out, i, len, c;
out = "";
len = str.length;
for (i = 0; i
c = str.charCodeAt(i);
if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
out += str.charAt(i);
}
else
if (c > 0x07FF) {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
else {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
}
return out;
}
/**
* utf8转utf16
* @param {Object} str
*/
function utf8to16(str){
var out, i, len, c;
var char2, char3;
out = "";
len = str.length;
i = 0;
while (i
c = str.charCodeAt(i++);
switch (c >> 4) {
case 0:
case 1:
case 2:
case 3:
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
case 7:
// 0xxxxxxx
out += str.charAt(i - 1);
break;
case 12:
case 13:
// 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) <
break;
case 14:
// 1110 xxxx10xx xxxx10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) <
break;
}
}
return out;
}
//demo
//function doit(){
// var f = document.f;
// f.output.value = base64encode(utf16to8(f.source.value));
// f.decode.value = utf8to16(base64decode(f.output.value));
//}
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