python gui测试工具_在Suse10下尝试dogtail(一个python的GUI测试工具..

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在Suse10下尝试dogtail(一个python的GUI测试工具..

零 简介：

DogTail是一个用python写的,自动测试GUI程序的工具。使用AT(Accessibility techno logies)技术与桌面应用程序交互。可以模拟和替代部分人工测试GUI的操作。但目前为止还 不能模拟人工操作的一些错误情况。现在只支持GNOME和GTK+

一 下载与依赖问题：

下载地址：http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/downloads.html

依赖：

* AT-SPI-enabled desktop (GNOME at this point in time).

* Python 2.3 or higher (available through your distribution).

* ImageMagick 6.2 or higher (available through your distribution).

* rpm-python or python-apt (available through your distribution).

* ElementTree for Python (available through your distribution).

* pyspi - Python AT-SPI bindings.

顺便说一下我所用的环境：

Suse 10.0

Python 2.4.1

二 安装过程简记

(1)依赖的包/工具

*  AT-SPI

找了rpm包，确认装了at-spi和at-spi-devel。

$rpm -qa | grep at-spi

at-spi-devel-1.6.6-2

at-spi-1.6.6-2

*  ImageMagick是一个能够支持多种图片格式的读写的工具

http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php

这样检测本机是否已经安装了ImageMagick

$convert -version

Version: ImageMagick 6.2.3 09/13/05 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org

Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2005 ImageMagick Studio LLC

这里ImageMagick的版本是6.2.3

*  rpm-python or python-apt

对于Suse,使用$rpm -qa | grep rpm-python查找即可

*  ElementTree for Python

这是处理XML的一个工具，据说效率不错

本机已经安装了python-elementtree-1.2.6-2

*  pyspi

主页上给出的下载链接无效，从gnome的网站上下载CVS的版本

$export CVS_RSH=ssh

$export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@anoncvs.gnome

$cvs login

Logging in to :pserver:anonymous@anoncvs.gnome.org:2401/cvs/gnome

CVS password:

$cvs -z3 co pyspi

...

注1： -z3只是压缩级别，z9为最大

注2:  要使用下载来的CVS的源码，可能需要gettextize, intltoolize, libtoolize, aclo cal, autoheader, automake & autoconf

INSTALL文件写得好简单，我执行不过去源码目录下的setup.py,读setup.py查找原因。

$./setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local/

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./setup.py", line 12, in ?

raise ImportError, inst

ImportError: No module named Pyrex.Distutils

出现这个错误的原因是from Pyrex.Distutils import build_ext时候找不到Pyrex.Distuti ls模块。

注：Pyrex lets you write code that mixes Python and C data types any way you wan t, and compiles it into a C extension for Python.

对于使用python2.4的用户，FAQ里还有这样一条要注意：

Q: I can't get pyspi to build using Python 2.4!

A:If you see an error like:

TypeError: swig_sources() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)

then you probably have Pyrex 0.9.3 or earlier installed. Get Pyrex 0.9.3.1 - it fixes the incompatibility with Python 2.4.

安装Pyrex(倒霉的网速...)

$tar -zvxf Pyrex-0.9.3.1.tar.gz

$cd Pyrex-0.9.3.1

$python setup.py install

继续安装pyspi

./setup.py install --prefix=/usr/local

(2)下载,安装dogtail

前面的CVS环境变量不变，$cvs -z3 co dogtail即可

$cd dogtail

$./setup.py install --prefix=/usr

居然装上了...

三 测试样例

首先使桌面支持AT-SPI

gconftool-2 --set --type bool /desktop/gnome/interface/accessibility true

然后重起gnome即可。

下载测试程序

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/media.html

这个页面上有测试程序和演示的flash.flash不错。 :)

(1) gedit的测试程序: gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 2321 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 9, in ?

from dogtail.procedural import *

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 18, in ?

import tree

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py", line 64, in ?

import predicate

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/predicate.py", line 8, in ?

from i18n import TranslatableString

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 10, in ?

import distro

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py", line 313, in ?

packageDb = distro.packageDb

NameError: global name 'distro' is not defined

发现这个错误是由于/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py中，当判断OS 为SuSE时没有初始化distro这个全局变量引起的，定义的相关类为空，看来是还没有实现了 ...T_T，自己改了代码，初始化的部分直接用了Redhat/Fedora的_RpmPackageDb()，如下：

vi /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py

Line: 260

#===added by icymoon====

class SuSE(Distro):

"""

Class representing one of the SuSE or SuSE-derived distributions, added by i cymoon

Using RpmPackageDb, the one belongs Redhat OR Fedora

"""

def __init__(self):

self.packageDb = _RpmPackageDb()

#===added end===========

后面初始化的部分：

......

elif os.path.exists ("/etc/SuSE-release"):

print "SuSE (or derived distribution)"

distro = SuSE()

继续...

$./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 4604 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 9, in ?

from dogtail.procedural import *

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 18, in ?

import tree

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py", line 78, in ?

raise ImportError, "Error importing the AT-SPI bindings"

ImportError: Error importing the AT-SPI bindings

是/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/tree.py中import atspi抛出的异常

$cp atspi.so /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/

继续...

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

Creating logfile at /tmp/dogtail/logs/gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api_20060802-13 5059 ...

Detecting distribution: SuSE (or derived distribution)

Warning: AT-SPI's desktop is visible but it has no children. Are you running any  AT-SPI-aware applications?

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 18, in ?

dogtail.i18n.loadTranslationsFromPackageMoFiles('gedit')

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 248, in loadTran slationsFromPackageMoFiles

load(packageName, language, getDependencies)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 224, in load

for moFile in getMoFilesForPackage(packageName, language, getDependencies):

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/i18n.py", line 209, in getMoFil esForPackage

for dep in distro.packageDb.getDependencies(packageName):

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py", line 111, in getDep endencies

for requirement in header[rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRES]:

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'RPMTAG_REQUIRES'

...乱改代码的报应啊 T_T

继续改吧...

$/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/distro.py

Line: 111

改成for requirement in header[rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRENAME]:，用rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRENAME 代替了rpm.RPMTAG_REQUIRES

继续吧，心里越来越没谱了 -_-b 因为我并不了解SuSE与Redhat在使用rpm上有什么差异.. 何况这应该和python相关的.

$ ./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py

这次总算运行了，跳出个gedit，不过要有data/UTF-8-demo.txt这个文件，这里我就不再详 细描述这个无聊的错误了。到了保存文件那步，跳出来的错误是这样的：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "./gedit-test-utf8-procedural-api.py", line 50, in ?

click('Save')

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 280, in __  call__

Action.__call__(self, name = name, roleName = roleName, description = descri  ption, delay = delay)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 212, in __  call__

FocusWidget.__call__(self, name = name, roleName = roleName, description = d  escription)

File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/dogtail/procedural.py", line 121, in __  call__

raise FocusError, predicate.debugName

dogtail.procedural.FocusError: child with name="Save"

这样抛出的异常应该是应用程序本身的问题，手动用了一下gedit，按照测试脚本中的步骤 进行操作，发现在点击Save的时候本身就是报这样的错误：

gtk_file_system_path_is_local: assertion `path != NULL' failed

不幸查到这是一个已知bug...是libgnomeui中的一个已经fix了的bug...多灾多难的test啊 ，如果更新这个库那可是要折腾一堆东西地～～

BTW: 顺便从源码中发现了一个问题，这个测试是调用rpm相关的接口来做的...

我决定放弃这个测试了...

(2)...明天继续

四 参考：

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/

http://people.redhat.com/zcerza/dogtail/media.html

哪位在看相同的东西？是否遇到了相同或不同的问题？欢迎讨论~

(To be continued)

作者: icymoon

发布时间: 2006-08-02