java merge sort join_排序合并连接(sort merge join)的原理

排序合并连接(sort merge join)

访问次数:两张表都只会访问0次或1次。

驱动表是否有顺序:无。

是否要排序:是。

应用场景:当结果集已经排过序。

排序合并连接原理:如果A表的数据为(2,1,4,5,2),B表的数据为(2,2,1,3,1) ,首先将A表和B表全扫描后排序,如下:

A    B

1     1

2     1

2     2

4     2

5     3

因为没有驱动表,所以oracle会随机选择一张表驱动,如果选择了A扫描到1,然后扫描B,当扫描=1的时候则管理,当扫描到B=2时,再以B=2为驱动扫描A表,不是从1开始扫,而是从2开始扫描,交替的进行扫描、关联。

下面我们来做个试验:

SQL> set linesize 1000

SQL> drop table test1 purge;

SQL> drop table test2 purge;

SQL> create table test1 as select * from dba_objects where rownum <=100;

SQL> create table test2 as select * from dba_objects where rownum <=1000;

SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'test1');

SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats(user,'test2');

SQL> alter session set statistics_level=all;

SQL> select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)

from test1 t1, test2 t2

where t1.object_id = t2.object_id;

COUNT(*)

----------

100

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

-------------------------------------

SQL_ID  f8ffscp1kugv4, child number 0

-------------------------------------

select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)   from test1 t1, test2 t2  where t1.object_id = t2.object_id

Plan hash value: 737852259

----解释一下:

Starts为该sql执行的次数。

E-Rows为执行计划预计的行数。

A-Rows为实际返回的行数。A-Rows跟E-Rows做比较,就可以确定哪一步执行计划出了问题。

A-Time为每一步实际执行的时间(HH:MM:SS.FF),根据这一行可以知道该sql耗时在了哪个地方。

Buffers为每一步实际执行的逻辑读或一致性读。

Reads为物理读。

OMem、1Mem为执行所需的内存评估值,0Mem为最优执行模式所需内存的评估值,1Mem为one-pass模式所需内存的评估值。

0/1/M 为最优/one-pass/multipass执行的次数。

Used-Mem耗的内存

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation            | Name  | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE      |       |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |      19 |       |       |          |

|   2 |   MERGE JOIN         |       |      1 |    100 |    100 |00:00:00.01 |      19 |       |       |          |

|   3 |    SORT JOIN         |       |      1 |    100 |    100 |00:00:00.01 |       4 |  2048 |  2048 | 2048  (0)|

|   4 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST1 |

1 |    100 |    100 |00:00:00.01 |       4 |       |       |          |

|*  5 |    SORT JOIN         |       |    100 |   1000 |    100 |00:00:00.01 |      15 | 73728 | 73728 |          |

|   6 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST2 |

1|   1000 |   1000 |00:00:00.01 |      15 |       |       |          |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

---------------------------------------------------

5 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

filter("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

SQL> select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)

from test1 t1, test2 t2

where t1.object_id = t2.object_id

and t1.object_id = 99999;

COUNT(*)

----------

0

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

-------------------------------------

SQL_ID  gub4203v6y49v, child number 0

-------------------------------------

select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)   from test1 t1, test2 t2  where t1.object_id = t2.object_id

and t1.object_id = 99999

Plan hash value: 1970191094

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation            | Name  | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE      |       |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       4 |       |       |          |

|   2 |   MERGE JOIN         |       |      1 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       4 |       |       |          |

|*  3 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL | TEST1 |

1 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       4 |       |       |          |

|*  4 |    SORT JOIN         |       |      0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 | 73728 | 73728 |          |

|*  5 |     TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST2 |

0 |      1 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       0 |       |       |          |

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

---------------------------------------------------

3 - filter("T1"."OBJECT_ID"=99999)

4 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

filter("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

5 - filter("T2"."OBJECT_ID"=99999)

SQL> select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)

from test1 t1, test2 t2

where t1.object_id = t2.object_id

and 1=2;

COUNT(*)

----------

0

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

SQL_ID  3duvzmx0wm2hv, child number 0

-------------------------------------

select /*+ ordered use_merge(t2)*/count(*)   from test1 t1, test2 t2  where t1.object_id =

t2.object_id    and 1=2

Plan hash value: 593691543

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

| Id  | Operation             | Name  | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

|   1 |  SORT AGGREGATE       |       |      1 |      1 |      1 |00:00:00.01 |       |       |       |

|*  2 |   FILTER              |       |      1 |        |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       |       |       |

|   3 |    MERGE JOIN         |       |      0 |    100 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       |       |       |

|   4 |     SORT JOIN         |       |      0 |    100 |      0 |00:00:00.01 | 73728 | 73728 |       |

|   5 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST1 |

0 |    100 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       |       |       |

|*  6 |     SORT JOIN         |       |      0 |   1000 |      0 |00:00:00.01 | 73728 | 73728 |       |

|   7 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST2 |

0 |   1000 |      0 |00:00:00.01 |       |       |       |

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

---------------------------------------------------

2 - filter(NULL IS NOT NULL)

6 - access("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

filter("T1"."OBJECT_ID"="T2"."OBJECT_ID")

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