python内置函数slice_Python内置函数(29)——slice

英文文档：

classslice(stop)classslice(start, stop[, step])Return a slice object representing the set of indices specified by range(start, stop, step). The start and steparguments default to None. Slice objects have read-only data attributes start, stop and step which merely return the argument values (or their default). They have no other explicit functionality; however they are used by Numerical Python and other third party extensions. Slice objects are also generated when extended indexing syntax is used. For example: a[start:stop:step] or a[start:stop, i]. See itertools.islice() for an alternate version that returns an iterator.

根据传入的参数生成一个可切片对象

说明：

1. 函数实际上是一个切片类的构造函数，返回一个切片对象。

2. 切片对象由3个属性start、stop、step组成，start和step默认值为None。切片对象主要用于对序列对象进行切片取对应元素。

>>> help(slice)

class slice(object)

| slice(stop)

| slice(start, stop[, step])

|

| Create a slice object. This is used for extended slicing (e.g. a[0:10:2]).

|

| Methods defined here:

|

| ...#省略#

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

| Data descriptors defined here:

|

| start

|

| step

|

| stop

|

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

| Data and other attributes defined here:

|

| __hash__ = None

>>> a = list(range(10))

>>> a

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]

>>> a[None:5:None] # start step显式为None

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

>>> a[:5:] # start step默认为None

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

>>> a[2:5:None] # step显式为None

[2, 3, 4]

>>> a[2:5:] # step默认为None

[2, 3, 4]

>>> a[1:10:3]

[1, 4, 7]

3. 对应切片对象的3个属性start、stop、step，slice函数也有3个对应的参数start、stop、step，其值分别会付给切片对象的start、stop、step。

>>> c1 = slice(5) # 定义c1

>>> c1

slice(None, 5, None)

>>> c2 = slice(2,5) # 定义c2

>>> c2

slice(2, 5, None)

>>> c3 = slice(1,10,3) # 定义c3

>>> c3

slice(1, 10, 3)

>>> a[c1] # 和a[:5:]结果相同

[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

>>> a[c2] # 和a[2:5:]结果相同

[2, 3, 4]

>>> a[c3] # 和a[1:10:3]结果相同

[1, 4, 7]