python内置函数slice_Python3.6内置函数(58)——slice()

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英文文档

slice()

小结

英文文档

class slice(start, stop[, step])

Return a slice object representing the set of indices specified by range(start, stop, step). The start and step arguments default to None. Slice objects have read-only data attributes start, stop and step which merely return the argument values (or their default). They have no other explicit functionality; however they are used by Numerical Python and other third party extensions. Slice objects are also generated when extended indexing syntax is used. For example: a[start:stop:step] or a[start:stop, i]. See itertools.islice() for an alternate version that returns an iterator.

slice()

1. 函数实际上是一个切片类的构造函数，返回一个切片对象。

2. 切片对象由3个属性start、stop、step组成，start和step默认值为None。切片对象主要用于对序列对象进行切片取对应元素。

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37>>> help ( slice )

class slice ( object )

| slice (stop )

| slice (start , stop [ , step ] )

|

| Create a slice object. This is used for extended slicing (e. g. a [ 0: 10: 2 ] ).

|

| Methods defined here:

|

| ... #省略#

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

| Data descriptors defined here:

|

| start

|

| step

|

| stop

|

| ----------------------------------------------------------------------

| Data and other attributes defined here:

|

| __hash__ = None

>>> a = list ( range ( 10 ) )

>>> a

[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]

>>> a [ None: 5: None ] # start step显式为None

[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [: 5: ] # start step默认为None

[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [ 2: 5: None ] # step显式为None

[ 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [ 2: 5: ] # step默认为None

[ 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [ 1: 10: 3 ]

[ 1 , 4 , 7 ]

3. 对应切片对象的3个属性start、stop、step，slice函数也有3个对应的参数start、stop、step，其值分别会付给切片对象的start、stop、step。

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15>>> c1 = slice ( 5 ) # 定义c1

>>> c1

slice ( None , 5 , None )

>>> c2 = slice ( 2 , 5 ) # 定义c2

>>> c2

slice ( 2 , 5 , None )

>>> c3 = slice ( 1 , 10 , 3 ) # 定义c3

>>> c3

slice ( 1 , 10 , 3 )

>>> a [c1 ] # 和a[:5:]结果相同

[ 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [c2 ] # 和a[2:5:]结果相同

[ 2 , 3 , 4 ]

>>> a [c3 ] # 和a[1:10:3]结果相同

[ 1 , 4 , 7 ]

小结

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