jmockit教程_JMockit常用操作

JMockit常用操作

目录

1 基本概念

1.1 常用注解

@Mocked：被修饰的对象将会被Mock，对应的类和实例都会受影响(同一个测试用例中)

@Injectable：仅Mock被修饰的对象

@Capturing：可以mock接口以及其所有的实现类

@Mock：MockUp模式中，指定被Fake的方法

1.2 常用的类

Expectations：期望，指定的方法必须被调用

StrictExpectations：严格的期望，指定方法必须按照顺序调用

NonStrictExpectations：非严格的期望，是否调用和顺序不作要求

Verifications：验证，一般配合NonStrictExpectations来使用

Invocation：工具类，可以获取调用信息

Delegate：自己指定返回值，适合那种需要参数决定返回值的场景，只需指定匿名子类就可以。

MockUp：模拟函数实现

Deencapsulation：反射工具类

2 实例演示

现有两个类作为测试对象： SimpleTool.java、UseSimpleTool.java

SimpleTool.java代码如下：

public classSimpleTool {publicString fun1(String str) {return "real: public String fun1(" + str + ")";

}privateString fun2(String str) {return "real: private String fun2(" + str + ")";

}publicString fun3(String str) {return "real: public String fun3(" + str + ")";

}publicString fun4(String str) {returnfun2(str);

}

}

View Code

UseSimpleTool.java代码如下：

public classUseSimpleTool {publicString fun1(String name) {

SimpleTool simpleTool= newSimpleTool();returnsimpleTool.fun1(name);

}

}

View Code

2.1 Status-based

2.1.1 实例1：Mocked - 被Mock修饰的对象，对应的类和实例都会受影响

importcom.demo.SimpleTool;importcom.demo.UseSimpleTool;importmockit.Expectations;importmockit.Mocked;importmockit.Verifications;importmockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)public classMockedAnnotationTest {

@Mocked

SimpleTool simpleTool;

@Testpublic voidtestExpectation() {//未mock函数返回null

newExpectations() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

result= "MOCK";

}

};

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));

System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));newVerifications() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

times= 2;

}

};

}

}

View Code

输出：

MOCK

null

MOCK

2.1.2 实例2：injectable - 仅Mock被修饰的对象

importcom.demo.SimpleTool;importcom.demo.UseSimpleTool;importmockit.Expectations;importmockit.Injectable;importmockit.Verifications;importmockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)public classInjectableAnnotationTest {

@Injectable

SimpleTool simpleTool;

@Testpublic voidtestExpectation() {//未mock函数返回null

newExpectations() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

result= "MOCK";

}

};

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));

System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));newVerifications() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

times= 1;

}

};

}

}

View Code

输出：

MOCKnullreal:public String fun1(param)

2.1.3  实例3：Delegate - 自己指定返回值，适合那种需要参数决定返回值的场景

importcom.demo.SimpleTool;importcom.demo.UseSimpleTool;importmockit.Delegate;importmockit.Expectations;importmockit.Mocked;importmockit.Verifications;importmockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)public classDelegateResultTest {

@Mocked

SimpleTool simpleTool;

@Testpublic voidtestExpectation() {newExpectations() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

result= new Delegate() {publicString aDelegateMethod(String str) {return str.equals("param0") ? "MOCK0" : "MOCK1";

}

};

}

};

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param0"));

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));

System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param1"));newVerifications() {

{

simpleTool.fun1(anyString);

times= 2;

}

};

}

}

View Code

输出：

MOCK0nullMOCK1

2.2 Behavior-based

2.2.1  实例1：Mock对象公有方法

importcom.demo.SimpleTool;importcom.demo.UseSimpleTool;importmockit.Mock;importmockit.MockUp;importorg.junit.Test;public classMockPublicMethodTest {

@Testpublic voidtestMockUp() {//影响该类所有实例

new MockUp(){//未mock函数不受影响

@MockpublicString fun1(String str) {return "(MOCK)";

}

};

SimpleTool simpleTool= newSimpleTool();

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));

System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));

}

}

View Code

输出：

(MOCK)

real:publicString fun3(param)

(MOCK)

2.2.2 实例2：Mock对象私有方法

importcom.demo.SimpleTool;importcom.demo.UseSimpleTool;importmockit.Mock;importmockit.MockUp;importorg.junit.Test;public classMockPublicMethodTest {

@Testpublic voidtestMockUp() {//影响该类所有实例

new MockUp(){//未mock函数不受影响

@MockpublicString fun1(String str) {return "(MOCK)";

}

};

SimpleTool simpleTool= newSimpleTool();

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun1("param"));

System.out.println(simpleTool.fun3("param"));

System.out.println(new UseSimpleTool().fun1("param"));

}

}

View Code

输出：

real: publicString fun1(param)

real:publicString fun3(param)

(MOCK)

2.2.3  实例3：Mock接口

两个类作为测试对象：SimpleInterface、SimpleInterfaceImpl

SimpleInterface代码如下：

public interfaceSimpleInterface {

String getCityName();

String getAreaName();

}

SimpleInterfaceImpl代码如下：

public class SimpleInterfaceImpl implementsSimpleInterface {publicString getCityName() {return "default city";

}publicString getAreaName() {return "default area";

}

}

实例

importcom.demo.SimpleInterface;importcom.demo.SimpleInterfaceImpl;importmockit.Injectable;importmockit.Mock;importmockit.MockUp;importmockit.integration.junit4.JMockit;importorg.junit.Test;importorg.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(JMockit.class)public classMockInterfaceTest {//此处使用Injectable和Mocked为一样的效果

@Injectable

SimpleInterface simpleInterface;

@Testpublic void testUpper() throwsException {

SimpleInterface mockInstance= new MockUp() {

@MockpublicString getCityName() {return "BEIJING(MOCK)";

}

@MockpublicString getAreaName() {return "HUABEI(MOCK)";

}

}.getMockInstance();

System.out.println(mockInstance.getCityName());

System.out.println(mockInstance.getAreaName());

System.out.println(simpleInterface.getCityName());

System.out.println(simpleInterface.getAreaName());

SimpleInterfaceImpl simpleInterfaceImpl= newSimpleInterfaceImpl();

System.out.println(simpleInterfaceImpl.getCityName());

System.out.println(simpleInterfaceImpl.getAreaName());

}

}

View Code

输出：

BEIJING(MOCK)

HUABEI(MOCK)null

null

defaultcitydefault area