java产生死锁_写一个可以产生死锁的 Java 程序

参考文章

码农翻身 一书中的第一个故事“我是一个线程”

思路

如果有两个锁 L1 L2, 线程 t1 持有 L1 且在尝试获取 L2, 线程 t2 持有 L2 且在尝试获取 L1 那么就会出现死锁了

程序

用 synchronized 语句块实现

我们可以在 class 对象上加锁

具体如下

public class DeadLock {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

class Naive implements Runnable {

private final Class c1;

private final Class c2;

private String name;

private Naive(String name, Class c1, Class c2) {

this.name = name;

this.c1 = c1;

this.c2 = c2;

}

@Override

public void run() {

synchronized (c1) {

try {

// 让另一个线程有机会被调度, 这样另一个线程就有机会获得 c2 对应的锁了

Thread.sleep(1000);

System.out.println(String.format("%s acquired %s", name, c1));

synchronized (c2) {

System.out.println(String.format("%s acquired %s", name, c2));

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}

Thread t1 = new Thread(new Naive("t1", Integer.class, String.class));

Thread t2 = new Thread(new Naive("t2", String.class, Integer.class));

t1.start();

t2.start();

t1.join();

t2.join();

}

}

运行结果如下

运行结果

用 ReentrantLock 来实现

也可以用 ReentrantLock 来实现，程序如下

package com.coder.rising;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class DeadLock {

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

class Naive implements Runnable {

private final Lock lock1;

private final Lock lock2;

private String name;

private Naive(String name, Lock lock1, Lock lock2) {

this.name = name;

this.lock1 = lock1;

this.lock2 = lock2;

}

@Override

public void run() {

lock1.lock();

try {

// 让另一个线程有机会被调度, 这样另一个线程就有机会获得 lock2 对应的锁了

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

System.out.println(String.format("%s acquired %s", name, lock1));

lock2.lock();

System.out.println(String.format("%s acquired %s", name, lock2));

lock2.unlock();

lock1.unlock();

}

}

Lock lock1 = new ReentrantLock();

Lock lock2 = new ReentrantLock();

Thread t1 = new Thread(new Naive("t1", lock1, lock2));

Thread t2 = new Thread(new Naive("t2", lock2, lock1));

t1.start();

t2.start();

t1.join();

t2.join();

}

}

运行结果如下

运行结果