android 界面控件教程,安卓开发入门教程-UI控件_ListView

什么是ListView

ListView是用于显示列表的UI控件.不过当前主流的已经是RecyclerView了,更强大,更好用.

基础样例

效果图

方案简要介绍

在activity对应的布局文件中增加ListView

android:id="@+id/listView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

新增一个Adapter用于展示列表中每一行内容(含对应布局文件)

详见下面完整代码中的ListViewAdapter及其布局文件.

在activity中实例化Adapter,设置数据,并将adapter设置给ListView

private fun initListView() {

var dataList = getData()

val adapter = ListViewAdapter(this)

adapter.setData(dataList)

listView.adapter = adapter

//隐藏自带的分隔符，在ListViewAdapter对应的布局里自定义分隔符，这样可以更灵活。

listView.divider = null

//添加点击事件

listView.setOnItemClickListener { adapterView, _, position, _ ->

val text = adapterView.getItemAtPosition(position).toString()

toast(text)

}

}

private fun getData(): List {

val dataList = ArrayList()

for (index in 0 until 100) {

val text = " 数据$index "

dataList.add(text)

}

return dataList

}

完整代码

activity代码:MainActivity

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

initListView()

}

private fun initListView() {

var dataList = getData()

val adapter = ListViewAdapter(this)

adapter.setData(dataList)

listView.adapter = adapter

//隐藏自带的分隔符，在ListViewAdapter对应的布局里自定义分隔符，这样可以更灵活。

listView.divider = null

//添加点击事件

listView.setOnItemClickListener { adapterView, _, position, _ ->

val text = adapterView.getItemAtPosition(position).toString()

toast(text)

}

}

private fun getData(): List {

val dataList = ArrayList()

for (index in 0 until 100) {

val text = " 数据$index "

dataList.add(text)

}

return dataList

}

/**

* 显示toast短暂提示

*/

private fun toast(text: String) = Toast.makeText(this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()

}

MainActivity对应布局文件: activity_main.xml

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

android:id="@+id/listView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

ListView对应Adapter: ListViewAdapter

class ListViewAdapter(var context: Context) : BaseAdapter() {

private var mDataList = mutableListOf()

/**

* 设置数据

*/

fun setData(dataList: List) {

mDataList.clear()

mDataList.addAll(dataList)

//数据变更后，需要调用notifyDataSetChanged通知数据变化。

notifyDataSetChanged()

}

override fun getView(position: Int, convertView: View?, viewGroup: ViewGroup?): View {

var viewHolder: ViewHolder

var view: View

//下面对convertView进行判断，是为了复用已存在的视图，提升效率。

if (convertView == null) {

view = View.inflate(context, R.layout.item_layout, null);

viewHolder = ViewHolder(view)

view.tag = viewHolder

} else {

view = convertView

viewHolder = view.tag as ViewHolder

}

//获取当前位置数据

val item = getItem(position)

//显示用户名

if (item is String) {

viewHolder.nameTv.text = item

}

return view

}

override fun getItem(position: Int): Any {

return mDataList[position]

}

override fun getItemId(position: Int): Long {

return 0

}

override fun getCount(): Int {

return mDataList.size

}

class ViewHolder(view: View) {

var nameTv: TextView = view.findViewById(R.id.nameTv)

}

}

ListViewAdapter对应布局文件: item_layout.xml

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:orientation="vertical">

android:id="@+id/nameTv"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_marginStart="20dp"

tools:text="姓名" />

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="1dp"

android:layout_marginStart="15dp"

android:layout_marginEnd="15dp"

android:layout_marginTop="5dp"

android:background="#E7E7E7" />

基础样例完整源代码