std在python是什么书_Python numpy.std()用法及代码示例

numpy.std(arr，axis = None)：计算指定数据(数组元素)沿指定轴(如果有)的标准偏差。

标准差(SD)度量为给定数据集中数据分布的传播程度。

例如：

x = 1 1 1 1 1

Standard Deviation = 0 .

y = 9, 2, 5, 4, 12, 7, 8, 11, 9, 3, 7, 4, 12, 5, 4, 10, 9, 6, 9, 4

Step 1 : Mean of distribution 4 = 7

Step 2 : Summation of (x - x.mean())**2 = 178

Step 3 : Finding Mean = 178 /20 = 8.9

This Result is Variance.

Step 4 : Standard Deviation = sqrt(Variance) = sqrt(8.9) = 2.983..

参数：

arr :[数组]输入数组。

axis :我们要沿其计算标准差的[int或int元组]。否则，它将认为arr是平坦的(在所有轴上均有效)。轴= 0表示沿列的SD，轴= 1表示沿行的SD。

out :[ndarray，可选]我们要在其中放置结果的不同数组。数组必须具有与预期输出相同的尺寸。

dtype :[数据类型，可选]我们在计算SD时需要的类型。

Results :数组的标准偏差(如果没有轴则为标量值)或沿指定轴具有标准偏差值的数组。

代码1：

# Python Program illustrating

# numpy.std() method

import numpy as np

# 1D array

arr = [20, 2, 7, 1, 34]

print("arr : ", arr)

print("std of arr : ", np.std(arr))

print ("\nMore precision with float32")

print("std of arr : ", np.std(arr, dtype = np.float32))

print ("\nMore accuracy with float64")

print("std of arr : ", np.std(arr, dtype = np.float64))

输出：

arr : [20, 2, 7, 1, 34]

std of arr : 12.576167937809991

More precision with float32

std of arr : 12.576168

More accuracy with float64

std of arr : 12.576167937809991

代码2：

# Python Program illustrating

# numpy.std() method

import numpy as np

# 2D array

arr = [[2, 2, 2, 2, 2],

[15, 6, 27, 8, 2],

[23, 2, 54, 1, 2, ],

[11, 44, 34, 7, 2]]

# std of the flattened array

print("\nstd of arr, axis = None : ", np.std(arr))

# std along the axis = 0

print("\nstd of arr, axis = 0 : ", np.std(arr, axis = 0))

# std along the axis = 1

print("\nstd of arr, axis = 1 : ", np.std(arr, axis = 1))

输出：

std of arr, axis = None : 15.3668474320532

std of arr, axis = 0 : [ 7.56224173 17.68473918 18.59267329 3.04138127 0. ]

std of arr, axis = 1 : [ 0. 8.7772433 20.53874388 16.40243884]