pythonawait教程_在python里使用await关键字来等另外一个协程的实例

一个协程里可以启动另外一个协程，并等待它完成返回结果，采用await关键字，

例子如下：

import asyncio

async def outer():

print('in outer')

print('waiting for result1')

result1 = await phase1()

print('waiting for result2')

result2 = await phase2(result1)

return (result1, result2)

async def phase1():

print('in phase1')

return 'result1'

async def phase2(arg):

print('in phase2')

return 'result2 derived from {}'.format(arg)

event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

try:

return_value = event_loop.run_until_complete(outer())

print('return value: {!r}'.format(return_value))

finally:

event_loop.close()

输出结果如下：

in outer

waiting for result1

in phase1

waiting for result2

in phase2

return value: ('result1', 'result2 derived from result1')

await关键字添加了一个新的协程到循环里，而不需要明确地添加协程到这个事件循环里。

补充知识：python里使用Condition对象来唤醒指定数量的协程

在asyncio库里，定义Condition对象，它的行为与事件Event有点像，区别是事件是通知所有对象，Condition对象可以指定一定数量的协程被通知，它是通过函数notify()来实现的，如果参数里放2，就是通知两个协程，例子如下：

import asyncio

async def consumer(condition, n):

with await condition:

print('consumer {} is waiting'.format(n))

await condition.wait()

print('consumer {} triggered'.format(n))

print('ending consumer {}'.format(n))

async def manipulate_condition(condition):

print('starting manipulate_condition')

# pause to let consumers start

await asyncio.sleep(0.1)

for i in range(1, 3):

with await condition:

print('notifying {} consumers'.format(i))

condition.notify(n=i)

await asyncio.sleep(0.1)

with await condition:

print('notifying remaining consumers')

condition.notify_all()

print('ending manipulate_condition')

async def main(loop):

# Create a condition

condition = asyncio.Condition()

# Set up tasks watching the condition

consumers = [

consumer(condition, i)

for i in range(5)

]

# Schedule a task to manipulate the condition variable

loop.create_task(manipulate_condition(condition))

# Wait for the consumers to be done

await asyncio.wait(consumers)

event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()

try:

result = event_loop.run_until_complete(main(event_loop))

finally:

event_loop.close()

结果输出如下：

starting manipulate_condition

consumer 2 is waiting

consumer 3 is waiting

consumer 4 is waiting

consumer 1 is waiting

consumer 0 is waiting

notifying 1 consumers

consumer 2 triggered

ending consumer 2

notifying 2 consumers

consumer 3 triggered

ending consumer 3

consumer 4 triggered

ending consumer 4

notifying remaining consumers

ending manipulate_condition

consumer 1 triggered

ending consumer 1

consumer 0 triggered

ending consumer 0

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