pythonapi接口框架_python+API接口测试框架设计（unittest）

1.测试框架简介

整个接口测试框架的设计图如下：

basepage：存放的是公共的方法

common：存放的是自定义工具

data：存放的是公共动态数据，如BB.xls/ Id.md

log：存放的是Log日志信息

report：存放的是接口测试报告

testcase：存放的是接口测试案例

runallcases.py 文件：项目运行的主程序文件

2、重构Requests请求，查看Blogbase.py文件代码

from TestCase.Api_Po.common.helper import Helper

import requests

class BlogBase(object):

def __init__(self):

self.helper = Helper()

self.s = requests.Session()

# self.blog = TestBlog()

def getMethod(self,nrow):

if self.helper.readUrl(nrow):

r = self.s.get(

url=self.helper.readUrl(nrow=nrow),

headers=self.helper.readHeaders(),

verify=False,

timeout=6)

# print(r.cookies)

self.s.cookies.update(self.helper.addcookie())

# print(self.s.cookies)

return r

else:

try:

print('接口地址有误')

except Exception as msg:

print('请求发生未知错误，错误原因是%s'%msg)

def postMethod(self,nrow):

if self.helper.readUrl(nrow):

r = self.s.post(

url=self.helper.readUrl(nrow=nrow),

data=self.helper.getRequestsData(nrow),

headers=self.helper.readHeaders1(),

verify=False,

timeout=6)

# print(r.cookies)

return r

else:

try:

print('接口地址有误')

except Exception as msg:

print('请求发生未知错误，错误原因是%s'%msg)

def deleteMethod(self,nrow):

if self.helper.readUrl(nrow):

r = self.s.delete(

url=self.helper.readUrl(nrow=nrow)+'%s'%self.helper.getID(),

headers=self.helper.readHeaders1(),

verify=False,

timeout=6)

return r

else:

try:

print('接口地址有误')

except Exception as msg:

print('请求发生未知错误，错误原因是%s'%msg)

3、重构公共工具类方法，参考helper.py文件代码

import xlrd

import os

import json

import requests

import logging

class Helper(object):

def get_dirName(self,filepath=None,filename=None):

'''查找文件的路径'''

return os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)),filepath,filename)

def readExcels(self,nrow):

'''读取excel数据,nrow表示行数'''

# table = xlrd.open_workbook(r'D:\Project\TestCase\Api_Po\data\BB.xls')

table = xlrd.open_workbook(self.get_dirName('data','BB.xls'))

sheets = table.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')

return sheets.row_values(nrow)

def readCaseId(self,nrow):

'''获取测试用例编号'''

return self.readExcels(nrow)[0]

def readTitle(self,nrow):

'''获取测试用例标题'''

return self.readExcels(nrow)[1]

def readUrl(self,nrow):

'''获取测试用例url'''

return self.readExcels(nrow)[2]

def readMethod(self,nrow):

'''获取测试用例方法'''

return self.readExcels(nrow)[3]

def readData(self,nrow):

'''获取测试用例数据'''

return self.readExcels(nrow)[4]

def readHeaders(self):

'''获取测试用例头'''

headers = {

"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36"

}

return headers

def readHeaders1(self):

'''获取测试用例头'''

headers = {

"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36",

"Content-Type":"application/json",

'Cookie':'__gads=ID=e10c3225dbe26fdd:T=1578924710:S=ALNI_MaaurX6gcz-ibwnmguYP6xQ82_iSQ; _ga=GA1.2.392048575.1578924638; _gid=GA1.2.1721164379.1581850417; UM_distinctid=1704dad947712d-0aee1dbade8bfb-39395704-100200-1704dad9478460; .Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies=CfDJ8Nf-Z6tqUPlNrwu2nvfTJEhrC2s6fHXZQc4OzQdR6zEYKj27nYfGDX-6N55CXObuv5c7Z496hw_TbXnTgfB-1WA6clxBRaE9yUXK4zqrbS9hyCUhC_DRcsMNdpvOspxvsu2stUKfiqMvUdXPrilEdIrCyhj3jBvaBE2K91H2kfbXgq71wSYsKd0WZwapTXUgMcvWtKSt6qjIy9X5hHEmkMIT8KZPmD8ix5vDXIrmoPuPAMRzrMNZMI_kME0g41GF9EJb_0UHq1gtUMZQR41v78Eu3cE7Xqv7f4dbZXX6MB_p5S_ShpKCDajLmLr9EjfDnHdLLCYUhyxQQuoDakCXtG9FYkPScyXTZLQAuKeFs4XylA5v6XhmWZP087cw2Kum0clyUbXn2XeM5z5UUycmBbSmQhsIMkkPJX7ZrL9TLtpGewIq27EeKqKBuqYVTSt9oRYw130SJCNkBV2MJ2eQXhlCfT0eixXoCdZVrQXWhho9v8s9jLR-IwhQlDNLEDsB6WSqpPQK-VHpYsywVXa5cx6VrX-__mHfMmP2a8an9Sm9; .CNBlogsCookie=61D04946E80D3F55A595ABF64231EECEB662AFBF5F43EC3A11BB407816A434B13ABF8A286432AE9947C838B81D100FD8D20697AF56BDB291E7DA63C377C95760CF2483ACA8C4B24466E556FED4199F641ACF754F; _gat_gtag_UA_48445196_1=1; _gat=1',

"X-BLOG-ID":"456237"

}

return headers

def readJson(self):

'''获取json文件内容,使用到文件的反序列化'''

with open(self.get_dirName('data','requests.json'),encoding='utf-8') as fp:

return json.load(fp)

def getRequestsData(self,nrow):

'''引用BB.xls表格，提取参数'''

'''字典的序列化'''

return json.dumps(self.readJson()[self.readData(nrow)])

def addcookie(self):

'''添加cookie信息'''

c = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()

c.set('.Cnblogs.AspNetCore.Cookies','CfDJ8Nf-Z6tqUPlNrwu2nvfTJEhrC2s6fHXZQc4OzQdR6zEYKj27nYfGDX-6N55CXObuv5c7Z496hw_TbXnTgfB-1WA6clxBRaE9yUXK4zqrbS9hyCUhC_DRcsMNdpvOspxvsu2stUKfiqMvUdXPrilEdIrCyhj3jBvaBE2K91H2kfbXgq71wSYsKd0WZwapTXUgMcvWtKSt6qjIy9X5hHEmkMIT8KZPmD8ix5vDXIrmoPuPAMRzrMNZMI_kME0g41GF9EJb_0UHq1gtUMZQR41v78Eu3cE7Xqv7f4dbZXX6MB_p5S_ShpKCDajLmLr9EjfDnHdLLCYUhyxQQuoDakCXtG9FYkPScyXTZLQAuKeFs4XylA5v6XhmWZP087cw2Kum0clyUbXn2XeM5z5UUycmBbSmQhsIMkkPJX7ZrL9TLtpGewIq27EeKqKBuqYVTSt9oRYw130SJCNkBV2MJ2eQXhlCfT0eixXoCdZVrQXWhho9v8s9jLR-IwhQlDNLEDsB6WSqpPQK-VHpYsywVXa5cx6VrX-__mHfMmP2a8an9Sm9')

c.set('.CNBlogsCookie','61D04946E80D3F55A595ABF64231EECEB662AFBF5F43EC3A11BB407816A434B13ABF8A286432AE9947C838B81D100FD8D20697AF56BDB291E7DA63C377C95760CF2483ACA8C4B24466E556FED4199F641ACF754F')

return c

def getID(self):

'''读取草稿箱ID'''

with open(self.get_dirName('data','Id.md'),) as fp:

return json.loads(fp.read())

def log(self,log_content):

'''日志定义级别'''

# 定义文件

logFile = logging.FileHandler(self.get_dirName('log','logInfo.md'), 'a',encoding='utf-8')

# log格式

fmt = logging.Formatter(fmt='%(asctime)s-%(name)s-%(levelname)s-%(module)s:%(message)s')

logFile.setFormatter(fmt)

# 定义日志

logger1 = logging.Logger('logTest', level=logging.DEBUG)

logger1.addHandler(logFile)

logger1.info(log_content)

logFile.close()

4、重构Mail方法，参考semdmail163.py文件代码

import smtplib

import os

from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart #邮件附件类

from email.mime.text import MIMEText #邮件模板类

from email.header import Header #邮件头部模板

#发送带附件的函数

def semd_mail(file_new):

with open(file_new, "rb") as fp:

mail_body = fp.read()

#基本信息

smtpserver = "smtp.163.com"

port = 25

sender = "18797815816@163.com"

psw = "xxxxx" #163邮箱密码

receiver = "1512500241@qq.com"

#定义邮箱主题

msg = MIMEMultipart()

msg['subject'] = Header(u"自动化测试报告","utf-8")

msg['from'] = sender

msg["to"] = receiver

#不加msg['from'] msg["to"]会报错,是因为"收件人和发件人没有定义"

#HTML 邮件正文,直接发送附件的代码

body = MIMEText(mail_body,"html","utf-8")

msg.attach(body)

# 附件

att = MIMEText(mail_body,"base64","utf-8")

att["Content-Type"] = "application/octet-stream"

att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="test_report.html'

msg.attach(att)

#链接邮件服务器发送邮件

try:

smtp = smtplib.SMTP()

smtp.connect(smtpserver) # 连服务器

smtp.login(sender, psw)

except:

smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtpserver, port)

smtp.login(sender, psw) # 登录

smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string()) # 发送

print("邮件发送成功")

smtp.quit()

#查找最新的邮件

def new_file(report_path):

result_path = report_path

lists = os.listdir(result_path)

lists.sort() #从小到大排序

file = [x for x in lists if x.endswith(".html")]

file_new_name = os.path.join(result_path,file[-1])

return file_new_name

5、重构接口案例，参考testcase目录下的testblog.py文件代码

import unittest

import json

from TestCase.Api_Po.common.helper import Helper

from TestCase.Api_Po.basepage.Blogbase import BlogBase

class TestBlog(unittest.TestCase):

def setUp(self) -> None:

self.obj = BlogBase()

self.hepler = Helper()

def test_login(self):

'''测试登录'''

r1 = self.obj.getMethod(1)

# r1.cookies.update(self.hepler.addcookie())

self.assertEqual(r1.status_code,200)

self.hepler.log('测试登录成功')

# self.hepler.SaveImage('')

def test_aaa(self):

'''测试编辑保存'''

r2 = self.obj.postMethod(2)

with open(self.hepler.get_dirName('data','Id.md'),'w') as fp:

fp.write(json.dumps(r2.json()['id']))

self.assertEqual(r2.status_code,200)

# self.assertEqual(r2.json()['blogUrl'],'//www.cnblogs.com/Teachertao/')

self.hepler.log('测试编辑保存成功')

def test_delete_ID(self):

'''删除草稿箱'''

r3 = self.obj.deleteMethod(3)

print(r3.text)

self.assertEqual(r3.status_code,200)

self.hepler.log('测试删除草稿成功')

if __name__ == '__main__':

unittest.main(verbosity=2)

6、发送接口测试报告，参考runallcases.py文件代码

from TestCase.Api_Po.common.HTMLTestRunner import *

from TestCase.Api_Po.mail.sendmail163 import *

import HTMLTestRunnerCN

#实现的逻辑

#先生成测试报告

#查找最新的测试报告文件，通过new_file函数找到最新的测试报告，把返回的结果return file_new_name

#把new_file函数，file_new_name文件传入到send_mail 读取出来，然后以邮件的附件形式加载到邮件模板中，设置参数，链接服务器发送最新的测试报告#

if __name__ == '__main__':

report = os.path.dirname(__file__) #D:/Project/TestCase/Api_Po

test_path = os.path.join(report,"testcase") #测试用例文件夹

suite = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(

start_dir=test_path,pattern="test*.py",top_level_dir=None)

report_path = os.path.join(report,"report") #测试报告文件夹

if not os.path.exists(report_path):

os.mkdir(report_path)

else:

print('存在report报告文件夹')

now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S") #时间戳

file_name = report_path + '\\' + now + "report_test.html" #测试报告文件名

fp = open(file_name,"wb")

runner = HTMLTestRunnerCN.HTMLTestRunner(

stream = fp,

title = '博客园接口自动化测试报告',

description = 'u"系统环境:Windows7 浏览器:Chrome 用例执行情况:"'

)

runner.run(suite) #执行测试用例

fp.close()

new_report = new_file(report_path) #获取最新的报告文件

semd_mail(new_report) #发送最新的测试报告