python用户界面画图_使用Tkinter绘制GUI并结合Matplotlib实现交互式绘图

#!/usr/bin/env python

#coding:utf-8

"""

Author: Chaos --

Purpose: 修改Matplotlib的后端，实现在Tkinter的GUI绘制图像

Created: 2014-10-15

"""

import numpy as np

from Tkinter import *

import matplotlib

from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg

from matplotlib.figure import Figure

#----------------------------------------------------------------------

def drawPic():

"""

获取GUI界面设置的参数，利用该参数绘制图片

"""

#获取GUI界面上的参数

try:sampleCount=int(inputEntry.get())

except:

sampleCount=50

print '请输入整数'

inputEntry.delete(0,END)

inputEntry.insert(0,'50')

#清空图像，以使得前后两次绘制的图像不会重叠

drawPic.f.clf()

drawPic.a=drawPic.f.add_subplot(111)

#在[0,100]范围内随机生成sampleCount个数据点

x=np.random.randint(0,100,size=sampleCount)

y=np.random.randint(0,100,size=sampleCount)

color=['b','r','y','g']

#绘制这些随机点的散点图，颜色随机选取

drawPic.a.scatter(x,y,s=3,color=color[np.random.randint(len(color))])

drawPic.a.set_title('Demo: Draw N Random Dot')

drawPic.canvas.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':

matplotlib.use('TkAgg')

root=Tk()

#在Tk的GUI上放置一个画布，并用.grid()来调整布局

drawPic.f = Figure(figsize=(5,4), dpi=100)

drawPic.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(drawPic.f, master=root)

drawPic.canvas.show()

drawPic.canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=0, columnspan=3)

#放置标签、文本框和按钮等部件，并设置文本框的默认值和按钮的事件函数

Label(root,text='请输入样本数量：').grid(row=1,column=0)

inputEntry=Entry(root)

inputEntry.grid(row=1,column=1)

inputEntry.insert(0,'50')

Button(root,text='画图',command=drawPic).grid(row=1,column=2,columnspan=3)

#启动事件循环

root.mainloop()