netty源码解析(4.0)-24 ByteBuf基于内存池的内存管理

　io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBuf<T>使用内存池中的一块内存作为自己的数据内存，这个块内存是PoolChunk<T>的一部分。PooledByteBuf<T>是一个抽象类型，它有4个派生类:

• PooledHeapByteBuf, PooledUnsafeHeapByteBuf 使用堆内存的PooledByteBuffer<byte[]>。
• PooledDirectByteBuf, PooledUnsafeDirectByteBuf 使用直接内存的PooledByteBuf<ByteBuffer>。

初始化

　　PooledByteBuf的初始化过程分为两个步骤：创建实例；初始内存。这两个步骤的代码如下：

    protected PooledByteBuf(Recycler.Handle recyclerHandle, int maxCapacity) {
        super(maxCapacity);
        this.recyclerHandle = recyclerHandle;
    }

    void init(PoolChunk<T> chunk, long handle, int offset, int length, int maxLength, PoolThreadCache cache) {
        init0(chunk, handle, offset, length, maxLength, cache);
    }

    private void init0(PoolChunk<T> chunk, long handle, int offset, int length, int maxLength, PoolThreadCache cache) {
        assert handle >= 0;
        assert chunk != null;

        this.chunk = chunk;
        memory = chunk.memory;
        allocator = chunk.arena.parent;
        this.cache = cache;
        this.handle = handle;
        this.offset = offset;
        this.length = length;
        this.maxLength = maxLength;
        tmpNioBuf = null;
    }

　　创建实例时调用的构造方法只是为maxCapacity和recyclerHandler属性赋值，构造方法是protected，不打算暴露到外面。派生类都提供了newInstance方法创建实例，以PooledHeapByteBuf为例，它的newInstance方法实现如下：

 1     private static final Recycler<PooledHeapByteBuf> RECYCLER = new Recycler<PooledHeapByteBuf>() {
 2         @Override
 3         protected PooledHeapByteBuf newOb