python绘制柱状图横向显示_matplotlib怎么实现横向柱状图

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import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import pylab

from matplotlib.patches import Polygon

from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator

student = 'Johnny Doe'

grade = 2

gender = 'boy'

cohortSize = 62 #The number of other 2nd grade boys

numTests = 5

testNames = ['Pacer Test', 'Flexed Arm\n Hang', 'Mile Run', 'Agility',

'Push Ups']

testMeta = ['laps', 'sec', 'min:sec', 'sec', '']

scores = ['7', '48', '12:52', '17', '14']

rankings = np.round(np.random.uniform(0, 1, numTests)*100, 0)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(9,7))

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)

plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.115, right=0.88)

fig.canvas.set_window_title('Eldorado K-8 Fitness Chart')

pos = np.arange(numTests)+0.5 #Center bars on the Y-axis ticks

rects = ax1.barh(pos, rankings, align='center', height=0.5, color='m')

ax1.axis([0,100,0,5])

pylab.yticks(pos, testNames)

ax1.set_title('Johnny Doe')

plt.text(50, -0.5, 'Cohort Size: ' + str(cohortSize),

horizontalalignment='center', size='small')

# Set the right-hand Y-axis ticks and labels and set X-axis tick marks at the

# deciles

ax2 = ax1.twinx()

ax2.plot([100,100], [0, 5], 'white', alpha=0.1)

ax2.xaxis.set_major_locator(MaxNLocator(11))

xticks = pylab.setp(ax2, xticklabels=['0','10','20','30','40','50','60',

'70',

'80','90','100'])

ax2.xaxis.grid(True, linestyle='--', which='major', color='grey',

alpha=0.25)

#Plot a solid vertical gridline to highlight the median position

plt.plot([50,50], [0, 5], 'grey', alpha=0.25)

# Build up the score labels for the right Y-axis by first appending a carriage

# return to each string and then tacking on the appropriate meta information

# (i.e., 'laps' vs 'seconds'). We want the labels centered on the ticks, so if

# there is no meta info (like for pushups) then don't add the carriage return to

# the string

def withnew(i, scr):

if testMeta[i] != '' : return '%s\n'%scr

else: return scr

scoreLabels = [withnew(i, scr) for i,scr in enumerate(scores)]

scoreLabels = [i+j for i,j in zip(scoreLabels, testMeta)]

pylab.yticks(pos, scoreLabels)

ax2.set_ylabel('Test Scores')

#Make list of numerical suffixes corresponding to position in a list

# 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

suffixes =['th', 'st', 'nd', 'rd', 'th', 'th', 'th', 'th', 'th', 'th']

ax2.set_xlabel('Percentile Ranking Across ' + str(grade) + suffixes[grade] \

+ ' Grade ' + gender.title() + 's')

# Lastly, write in the ranking inside each bar to aid in interpretation

for rect in rects:

# Rectangle widths are already integer-valued but are floating

# type, so it helps to remove the trailing decimal point and 0 by

# converting width to int type

width = int(rect.get_width())

# Figure out what the last digit (width modulo 10) so we can add

# the appropriate numerical suffix (e.g. 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc)

lastDigit = width % 10

# Note that 11, 12, and 13 are special cases

if (width == 11) or (width == 12) or (width == 13):

suffix = 'th'

else:

suffix = suffixes[lastDigit]

rankStr = str(width) + suffix

if (width < 5): # The bars aren't wide enough to print the ranking inside

xloc = width + 1 # Shift the text to the right side of the right edge

clr = 'black' # Black against white background

align = 'left'

else:

xloc = 0.98*width # Shift the text to the left side of the right edge

clr = 'white' # White on magenta

align = 'right'

yloc = rect.get_y()+rect.get_height()/2.0 #Center the text vertically in the bar

ax1.text(xloc, yloc, rankStr, horizontalalignment=align,

verticalalignment='center', color=clr, weight='bold')

plt.show()