java 绘制频谱图_频谱图是否显示正确的值？

我想知道下面发布的 spectrogram 是否是给定非平稳信号的真实表示 .

如果它是真实的表示，我对图中的特定功能有很多疑问......

对于水平轴上的0 - > .25，为什么它会显示最高频率的信号分量？我假设，鉴于第一次持续时间 t1 ，我应该只看到信号 x1 的频率 . 此外，给定第二个持续时间 t2 ，我应该只看到信号 x2 的频率，依此类推 . 但是，这不是我在下面发布的 spectrogram .

你能解释为什么我们在频谱图中看到这些功能吗？

Spectrogram With equations

Code ：

% Time specifications:

Fs = 8000; % samples per second

dt = 1/Fs; % seconds per sample

StopTime = 1; % seconds

t = (0:dt:StopTime-dt); % seconds

t1 = (0:dt:.25);

t2 = (.25:dt:.50);

t3 = (.5:dt:.75);

t4 = (.75:dt:1);

x1 = (10)*sin(2*pi*10*t1);

x2 = (10)*sin(2*pi*20*t2) + x1;

x3 = (10)*sin(2*pi*30*t3) + x2;

x4 = (10)*sin(2*pi*40*t4) + x3;

NFFT = 2 ^ nextpow2(length(t)); % Next power of 2 from length of y

Y = fft(x4, NFFT);

f = Fs / 2 * linspace(0, 1, NFFT/2 + 1);

%{

figure;

plot(f(1:200), 2 * abs( Y( 1:200) ) );

%}

T = 0:.01:1;

spectrogram(x4,10,9,NFFT);

ylabel('Frequency');

axis(get(gcf,'children'), [0, 1, 1, 50]);

Update_1 ：当我尝试建议的答案时，我收到了以下内容 .

??? Out of memory. Type HELP MEMORY for your options.

Error in ==> spectrogram at 168

y = y(1:length(f),:);

Error in ==> stft_1 at 36

spectrogram(x,10,9,NFFT);

使用的代码：

% Time specifications:

Fs = 8000; % samples per second

dt = 1/Fs; % seconds per sample

StopTime = 1; % seconds

t = (0:dt:StopTime-dt); % seconds

%get a full-length example of each signal component

x1 = (10)*sin(2*pi*10*t);

x2 = (10)*sin(2*pi*20*t);

x3 = (10)*sin(2*pi*30*t);

x4 = (10)*sin(2*pi*40*t);

%construct a composite signal

x = zeros(size(t));

I = find((t >= t1(1)) & (t <= t1(end)));

x(I) = x1(I);

I = find((t >= t2(1)) & (t <= t2(end)));

x(I) = x2(I);

I = find((t >= t3(1)) & (t <= t3(end)));

x(I) = x3(I);

I = find((t >= t4(1)) & (t <= t4(end)));

x(I) = x4(I);

NFFT = 2 ^ nextpow2(length(t)); % Next power of 2 from length of y

Y = fft(x, NFFT);

f = Fs / 2 * linspace(0, 1, NFFT/2 + 1);

%{

figure;

plot(f(1:200), 2 * abs( Y( 1:200) ) );

%}

T = 0:.01:1;

spectrogram(x,10,9,NFFT);

ylabel('Frequency');

axis(get(gcf,'children'), [0, 1, 1, 50]);

Update_2

% Time specifications:

Fs = 8000; % samples per second

dt = 1/Fs; % seconds per sample

StopTime = 1; % seconds

t = (0:dt:StopTime-dt); % seconds

t1 = ( 0:dt:.25);

t2 = (.25:dt:.50);

t3 = (.5:dt:.75);

t4 = (.75:dt:1);

%get a full-length example of each signal component

x1 = (10)*sin(2*pi*100*t);

x2 = (10)*sin(2*pi*200*t);

x3 = (10)*sin(2*pi*300*t);

x4 = (10)*sin(2*pi*400*t);

%construct a composite signal

x = zeros(size(t));

I = find((t >= t1(1)) & (t <= t1(end)));

x(I) = x1(I);

I = find((t >= t2(1)) & (t <= t2(end)));

x(I) = x2(I);

I = find((t >= t3(1)) & (t <= t3(end)));

x(I) = x3(I);

I = find((t >= t4(1)) & (t <= t4(end)));

x(I) = x4(I);

NFFT = 2 ^ nextpow2(length(t)); % Next power of 2 from length of y

Y = fft(x, NFFT);

f = Fs / 2 * linspace(0, 1, NFFT/2 + 1);

%{

figure;

plot(f(1:200), 2 * abs( Y( 1:200) ) );

%}

T = 0:.001:1;

spectrogram(x,10,9);

ylabel('Frequency');

axis(get(gcf,'children'), [0, 1, 1, 100]);

Dpectrogram_2 ：