scrapy mysql 不同的表_尝试使用Scrapy将数据输出到MySQL表时返回“encode”错误

我对Python和Scrapy很陌生，尝试将爬网的数据输出到MySQL数据库，但是遇到了以下错误：exceptions.AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'encode'

这里是我的管道代码

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以下是我抓取站点并尝试将数据导入MySQL数据库后的完整堆栈跟踪ls\defer.py", line 65, in process_chain

d.callback(input)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

80, in callback

self._startRunCallbacks(result)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

88, in _startRunCallbacks

self._runCallbacks()

--- ---

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

75, in _runCallbacks

current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw)

File "wikitut\pipelines.py", line 16, in process_item

(item['Country'].encode('utf-8'),

exceptions.AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'encode'

2013-11-12 19:36:33-0600 [wikitut] ERROR: Error processing {'Country': [u'Ecuad

r'],

'CountryFlagLink': [u'//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e

e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png'],

'DateOfQualification': [u'15 October 2013'],

'FifaRankingAsOfOct2013': [u'22'],

'FinalsAppearance': [u'3rd'],

'LastAppearance': [u'2006'],

'MethodOfQualification': [u'CONMEBOL Round Robin 4th place'],

'PreviousBestPerformance': [u'Round of 16 (2006)'],

'TeamWikiURL': [u'/wiki/Ecuador_national_football_team']}

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\scrapy-0.18.4-py2.7.egg\scrapy\mi

dleware.py", line 62, in _process_chain

return process_chain(self.methods[methodname], obj, *args)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\scrapy-0.18.4-py2.7.egg\scrapy\ut

ls\defer.py", line 65, in process_chain

d.callback(input)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

80, in callback

self._startRunCallbacks(result)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

88, in _startRunCallbacks

self._runCallbacks()

--- ---

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

75, in _runCallbacks

current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw)

File "wikitut\pipelines.py", line 16, in process_item

(item['Country'].encode('utf-8'),

exceptions.AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'encode'

2013-11-12 19:36:33-0600 [wikitut] ERROR: Error processing {'Country': [u'Hondu

as'],

'CountryFlagLink': [u'//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8

82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png'],

'DateOfQualification': [u'15 October 2013'],

'FifaRankingAsOfOct2013': [u'34'],

'FinalsAppearance': [u'3rd'],

'LastAppearance': [u'2010'],

'MethodOfQualification': [u'CONCACAF Fourth Round 3rd place'],

'PreviousBestPerformance': [u'Group stage (1982, 2010)'],

'TeamWikiURL': [u'/wiki/Honduras_national_football_team']}

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\scrapy-0.18.4-py2.7.egg\scrapy\mi

dleware.py", line 62, in _process_chain

return process_chain(self.methods[methodname], obj, *args)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\scrapy-0.18.4-py2.7.egg\scrapy\ut

ls\defer.py", line 65, in process_chain

d.callback(input)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

80, in callback

self._startRunCallbacks(result)

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

88, in _startRunCallbacks

self._runCallbacks()

--- ---

File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\twisted\internet\defer.py", line

75, in _runCallbacks

current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw)

File "wikitut\pipelines.py", line 16, in process_item

(item['Country'].encode('utf-8'),

exceptions.AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'encode'

2013-11-12 19:36:33-0600 [wikitut] INFO: Closing spider (finished)

2013-11-12 19:36:33-0600 [wikitut] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:

{'downloader/request_bytes': 246,

'downloader/request_count': 1,

'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 1,

'downloader/response_bytes': 72797,

'downloader/response_count': 1,

'downloader/response_status_count/200': 1,

'finish_reason': 'finished',

'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2013, 11, 13, 1, 36, 33, 840000),

'log_count/DEBUG': 7,

'log_count/ERROR': 22,

'log_count/INFO': 3,

'response_received_count': 1,

'scheduler/dequeued': 1,

'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,

我有一个MySQL数据库设置，其中包含所有必需字段(全部为varchar)，并设置为collation:utf8_general_ci。我不明白为什么会出现上面提到的错误。有人能给我解释一下我做错了什么吗？在