C++中的函数对象

函数对象

• 若一个类重载了运算符 “()” ，则该类的对象就成了函数对象

	class CMyAverage
	{ //函数对象类
	  	public:
	  		double operator()( int a1 , int a2 , int a3 )
	  		{
				return (double)( a1 +  a2 + a3 ) / 3 ;
			}
    };
    CMyAverage average; //函数对象
    cout << average( 3 , 2 , 3 ); // average.operator()( 3 , 2 , 3 );

结果：

函数对象的应用示例

	#include <iostream>
	#include <vector>
	#include <algorithm>
	#include <numeric>
	#include <functional>
	using namespace std;
	int sumSquare( int total , int value )
	{
		return total + value * value ;
	}
	template < class T >
	void printInterval( T first , T last )
	{
		//输出区间[ first , last )中的内容
		for( ; first != last ; first++ )
		{
			cout << *first << " " ;
		}
		cout << endl;
    }
    template < class T >
    class SumPower
    {
		private:
			int power;
		public:
			SumPower( int p ):power( p ) {}
			const T operator()( const T &total , const T &value )
			{
				//计算value的power次方，并加到total上
				T v = value;
				for( int i = 0 ; i < power - 1 ; i++)
				{
			         v *= value;
				}
				return total + v ;
			}
	};
	int main()
	{
		const int SIZE = 10 ;
		int a1[] = { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 };
		vector<int> v( a1 , a1 + SIZE );
		cout << "v: " << endl;
		cout << printInterval( v.begin() , v.end() ) << endl;
		int result = accumulate( v.begin() , v.end() , 0 , sumSquare);
		cout << "平方和: " << result << endl;
		result = accumulate( v.begin() , v.end() , 0 , SumPower<int>(3));
		cout << "立方和: " << endl;
		result = accumulate( v.begin() , v.end() , 0 , SumPower<int>(4));
		cout << "4次方和: " << result <<endl;	
	}
	

结果如下：