进入docker容器中查看文件夹_docker之容器管理常用命令篇

常用命令如下表：

选项 描述

ls 列出容器

inspect 查看一个或多个容器详细信息

exec 在运行容器中执行命令

commit 创建一个新镜像来自一个容器

cp 拷贝文件/文件夹到一个容器

logs 获取一个容器日志

port 列出或指定容器端口映射

top 显示一个容器运行的进程

stats 显示容器资源使用统计

stop/start 停止/启动一个或多个容器

rm 删除一个或多个容器

1、ls - 列出容器

只列出正在运行的容器：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls

列出所有容器，包括已停止的：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls -a

inspect - 查看一个或多个容器详细信息：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect nginx01

......

2、exec - 在运行容器里执行命令

在容器里执行命令：

[root@localhost wwwroot]# docker container run -d --name nginx04 -h nginx04 nginx

a44b757591db1ebd9146ec9245b742f755439d83637012f4a27de83e56b52153

进入容器终端：

[root@localhost wwwroot]# docker container exec -it nginx04 bash

root@nginx04:/# hostname

nginx04

查看主机名：

[root@localhost wwwroot]# docker container exec nginx04 hostname

nginx04

查看时间：

[root@localhost wwwroot]# docker container exec nginx04 date

Sun Aug 5 19:10:11 UTC 2018

[root@localhost wwwroot]#

3、cp - 拷贝文件或目录到一个容器

拷贝文件到容器：

[root@localhost ~]# echo 123321 >> 123.txt

[root@localhost ~]# cat 123.txt

123321

[root@localhost ~]# docker container cp 123.txt nginx04:/usr/share/nginx/html

[root@localhost ~]# docker container exec -it nginx04 cat /usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt

123321

[root@localhost ~]# docker container exec -it nginx04 ls /usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt

/usr/share/nginx/html/123.txt

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html

-bash: cd: /usr/share/nginx/html: No such file or directory

[root@localhost ~]#

4、logs - 获取一个容器日志

查看容器日志：

查看容器的IP地址

[root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx02

172.17.0.3

[root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx01

172.17.0.2

[root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx04

172.17.0.6

查看容器nginx02的日志：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container ls|grep nginx02

a5e10362acc3 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 25 hours ago Up 2 hours 0.0.0.0:88->80/tcp nginx02

[root@localhost ~]# docker container inspect -f '{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' nginx02

172.17.0.3

[root@localhost ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.101:88

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: nginx/1.15.2

Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 19:26:30 GMT

Content-Type: text/html

Content-Length: 612

Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 13:02:29 GMT

Connection: keep-alive

ETag: "5b572365-264"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@localhost ~]# curl -I 172.17.0.3

HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Server: nginx/1.15.2

Date: Sun, 05 Aug 2018 19:26:41 GMT

Content-Type: text/html

Content-Length: 612

Last-Modified: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 13:02:29 GMT

Connection: keep-alive

ETag: "5b572365-264"

Accept-Ranges: bytes

[root@localhost ~]# docker container logs -f nginx02

192.168.1.1 - - [05/Aug/2018:19:25:38 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"

192.168.1.1 - - [05/Aug/2018:19:25:38 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko" "-"

192.168.1.101 - - [05/Aug/2018:19:26:30 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"

172.17.0.1 - - [05/Aug/2018:19:26:41 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/7.29.0" "-"

5、port - 列出或指定容器端口映射

查看容器端口映射：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container port nginx02

80/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:88

6、top - 显示一个容器运行的进程

查看容器运行进程：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container top nginx02

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD

root 3351 3335 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process nginx -g daemon off;

101 3391 3351 0 00:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process

7、stats - 显示容器资源使用统计

查看容器资源利用率：

[root@localhost ~]# docker container stats --no-stream nginx02

CONTAINER ID NAME CPU % MEM USAGE / LIMIT MEM % NET I/O BLOCK I/O PIDS

a5e10362acc3 nginx02 0.00% 1.383MiB / 1.566GiB 0.09% 26kB / 18.1kB 24.6kB / 4.1kB 0

8、export - 导出容器文件系统到tar归档文件

docker export name/id > name.tar

[root@localhost ~]# docker export -h

Flag shorthand -h has been deprecated, please use --help

Usage: docker export [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive

Options:

-o, --output string Write to a file, instead of STDOUT

[root@localhost ~]# docker export nginx03 >nginx03.tar

[root@localhost ~]# docker export nginx03 -o test01

[root@localhost ~]# du -sh test01 nginx03.tar

106M test01

106M nginx03.tar

9、停止/启动/删除一个容器

restart/stop/start/rm -

[root@localhost ~]# docker container stop nginx02

nginx02

[root@localhost ~]# docker container rm nginx02

nginx02