java反射机制 应用_Java反射机制应用

罗列一下反射机制的一些应用，具体理论以后整理吧。。

1.利用反射机制分析类的能力

import java.util.*;

import java.lang.reflect.*;

public class ReflectionTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

String name;

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.println("Entern class name (e.g. java.util.Data):");

name = in.next();

try {

//print class name and superclass name(if != Object)

Class cl = Class.forName(name);

Class supercl = cl.getSuperclass();

String modifiers = Modifier.toString(cl.getModifiers());

if (modifiers.length() > 0)

System.out.print(modifiers + " ");

System.out.print("class " + name);

if (supercl != null && supercl != Object.class)

System.out.print(" extends " + supercl.getName());

System.out.println("\n{\n");

printConstructors(cl);

System.out.println();

printMethods(cl);

System.out.println();

printFields(cl);

System.out.println("}");

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

/**

* prints all constructors of a class

* @param cl a class

*/

public static void printConstructors(Class cl) {

Constructor[] constructors = cl.getDeclaredConstructors();

for(Constructor c: constructors) {

String name = c.getName();

System.out.print(" ");

String modifiers = Modifier.toString(c.getModifiers());

if (modifiers.length() > 0)

System.out.print(modifiers + " ");

System.out.print(name + "(");

//print parameter types

Class[] paramTypes = c.getParameterTypes();

for (int j = 0; j < paramTypes.length; j++) {

if (j > 0)

System.out.print(", ");

System.out.print(paramTypes[j].getName());

}

System.out.println(");");

}

}

/**

* prints all methods of a class

* @param cl a class

*/

public static void printMethods(Class cl) {

Method[] methods = cl.getDeclaredMethods();

for (Method m: methods) {

Class retType = m.getReturnType();

String name = m.getName();

System.out.print(" ");

//print modifiers,return type and method name

String modifiers = Modifier.toString(m.getModifiers());

if (modifiers.length() > 0)

System.out.print(modifiers + " ");

System.out.print(retType.getName() + " " + name + "(");

//print parameter types

Class[] paramTypes = m.getParameterTypes();

for (int j = 0; j < paramTypes.length; j++) {

if (j > 0)

System.out.println(", ");

System.out.print(paramTypes[j].getName());

}

System.out.println(");");

}

}

/**

* print all fields of a class

* @param cl a class

*/

public static void printFields(Class cl) {

Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();

for (Field f: fields) {

Class type = f.getType();

String name = f.getName();

System.out.println(" ");

String modifiers = Modifier.toString(f.getModifiers());

if (modifiers.length() > 0)

System.out.print(modifiers + " ");

System.out.println(type.getName() + " " + name + ";");

}

}

}

2.在运行时使用反射分析对象

import java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;

import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ObjectAnalyzer {

private ArrayList visited = new ArrayList<>();

/**

* Convert an object to String representation that lists all fields

* @param obj an object

* @return a string with the object's class name and all field names and

* values

*/

public String toString(Object obj) {

if (obj == null) return null;

if (visited.contains(obj)) return "...";

visited.add(obj);

Class cl = obj.getClass();

if (cl == String.class) return (String) obj;

if (cl.isArray()) {

String r = cl.getComponentType() + "[]{";

for (int i = 0; i < Array.getLength(obj); i++) {

if (i > 0) r += ",";

Object val = Array.get(obj,i);

if (cl.getComponentType().isPrimitive()) r += val;

else r += toString(val);//递归调用

}

return r + "}";

}

String r = cl.getName();

//inspect the fields of this class and all superclasses

do {

r += "[";

Field[] fields = cl.getDeclaredFields();

AccessibleObject.setAccessible(fields, true);

//get the names and values of all fields

for (Field f: fields) {

if (!Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers())) {

if (!r.endsWith("[")) r += ",";

r += f.getName() + "=";

try {

Class t = f.getType();

Object val = f.get(obj);

if (t.isPrimitive()) r += val;

else r += toString(val);

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

r += "]";

cl = cl.getSuperclass();

} while (cl != null);

return r;

}

}

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class ObjectAnalyzerTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ArrayList squares = new ArrayList<>();

for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {

squares.add(i * i);

}

System.out.println(new ObjectAnalyzer().toString(squares));

}

}

3.使用反射编写泛型数组代码

import java.lang.reflect.*;

import java.util.*;

/**

* Reflection for manipulating array

* @author corejava

*/

public class GenericArray {

public static void main(String[] args) {

int[] a = {1,2,3};

a = (int[]) goodCopyOf(a,10);

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));

String[] b = {"cat","dog","fish"};

b = (String[]) goodCopyOf(b,10);

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b));

System.out.println("The following call will generate an exception.");

//b = (String[]) badCopyOf(b,10);

}

/**

* This method attempts to grow an array by allocating a new array and copying all elements.

* @param a the array to grow

* @param newLength the new length

* @return a larger array that contains all elements of a. However, the returned array has

* type Object[], not the same type as a.

*/

public static Object[] badCopyOf(Object[] a, int newLength) {

Object[] newArray = new Object[newLength];

System.arraycopy(a, 0, newArray, 0, Math.min(a.length, newLength));

return newArray;

}

/**

* This method grows an array by allocating a new array of the same type and copying all elements.

* @param a the array to grow. This can be an object array or a primitive type array.

* @param newLength the new length

* @return a larger array that contains all elements of a.

*/

public static Object goodCopyOf(Object a, int newLength) {

Class cl = a.getClass();

if (!cl.isArray()) return null;

Class componentType = cl.getComponentType();

int length = Array.getLength(a);

Object newArray = Array.newInstance(componentType, newLength);

System.arraycopy(a, 0, newArray, 0, Math.min(length, newLength));

return newArray;

}

}