Is the only difference between sets and lists in Python the fact that you can use the union, intersect, difference, symmetric difference functions to compare two sets? Why can't these functions simply be applied to lists? In what situations are sets more useful than lists?
解决方案
There's a huge difference.
Sets can't contain duplicates
Sets are unordered
In order to find an element in a set, a hash lookup is used (which is why sets are unordered). This makes __contains__ (in operator) a lot more efficient for sets than lists.
Sets can only contain hashable items (see #3). If you try: set(([1],[2])) you'll get a TypeError.
In practical applications, lists are very nice to sort and have order while sets are nice to use when you don't want duplicates and don't care about order.
Also note that if you don't care about order, etc, you can use
new_set = myset.intersection(mylist)
to get the intersection between a set and a list.