oracle 11.2 library,Oracle Timesten11g Release 2 (11.2.2)-Installation prerequisites

Installation

prerequisites

Before

installing TimesTen, ensure the appropriate requirements are met

for your operating system.

On both UNIX and Windows platforms

where JDBC is supported you must have the

appropriate version of the JDK installed on your computer to use

JDBC.

For improved JDBC performance on

TimesTen, when using a XenNet virtual device, configure

the LargeSendOffload parameter

to FALSE. By

default, theLargeSendOffload parameter

is set to TRUE for the XenNet

virtual device. This parameter can be modified either in the

Windows registry or in the Advancedtab of the XenNet

properties dialog.

In addition,

be aware that if you use automatic client failover, to accommodate

a firewall you must specify a UDP port or port range. (Also

see "Configuring

automatic client

failover" in Oracle TimesTen In-Memory

Database Operations Guide.)

This section also discusses the

platform-specific prerequisites:

General UNIX

requirements

In

general, on UNIX systems, you must configure the following:

The number of

semaphores

Allowable shared

memory

In addition, you may need to perform

the following:

Ensure you have the latest

operating system patches.

Configure your file system

to allow large files.

Configure your Java

environment.

Configure your

Client/Server environment.

Configure network settings

for replication.

The following sections outline some

changes that may be required on any UNIX system. In addition, some

of these sections describe changes required for each specific UNIX

platform on which TimesTen is supported.

Veritas file system

options

On

the Veritas file system, if you plan to have TimesTen applications

that use DurableCommits=1, use

the mincache=direct and convosync=direct options

to ensure durability.

Options that

convert dsync into sync or fdatasync into sync or

those that treat all writes such that the file is opened

with O_SYNC should be

avoided.

On the Veritas file system you should

also set the options discovered_direct_iosz and max_direct_iosz to

3 MB.

The absence of these direct I/O

settings could result in poor file system performance for TimesTen

operations.

To set these options, log in

as root and use:

# /usr/sbin/vxtunefs -o discovered_direct_iosz=3145728

# /usr/sbin/vxtunefs -o max_direct_iosz=3145728

Using vxtunefs online option

requires Advanced VxFS.

Semaphores

TimesTen consumes one SEMMNI per active

database, plus one additional SEMMNI per TimesTen

instance where Client/Server communication is done through shared

memory. For each active database, TimesTen consumes

155 SEMMSL,

plus one SEMMSL for each

connection.

For example, if the value of

the Connections attribute is

set to 100,

then TimesTen requires a minimum of

255 SEMMSL.

It is best to set parameter to a higher value, for example for

Linux x8664 to support 2000

connections you should set

kernel.sem = 2200 6400 200 25

Note:

You can use the following formula as a guide, although in

practice, SEMMNS and SEMMNU can

be much less than SEMMNI * SEMMSLbecause

not every program in the system needs semaphores.

SEMMNS=SEMMNU = (SEMMNI * SEMMSL)

For more information about

the Connections attribute,

see the "Connection

Attributes" chapter in

the Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database

Reference.

Java

If you are running JDBC, install the latest JDK and

any vendor required patches. Refer to the website of the JDK

provider for the patches you may need.

To run 64-bit Java applications on all

systems except AIX systems, if you are using the Sun 64-bit JVM,

you may need to pass the -d64 option on

the javacommand line.

Other Client/Server

settings

The maximum number of concurrent IPC connections to

a TimesTen Server allowed by TimesTen is 9,999. However, system

limits can take precedence on the number of connections to a single

DSN. Client/Server users can increase the file descriptor limit to

support a large number of connections and processes.

For example, on Solaris, you may change

the file descriptor limit to have a maximum of 1024 simultaneous

server connections by adding the following line to/etc/system:

set rlim_fd_max = 1080

In this case, 1080 is greater than the

number of anticipated client/server connections and allows for a

few extra connections.

AIX prerequisites

On

AIX, before installation, set the kernel

parameter sb_max to a minimum of

512 KB if you plan to use replication. The replication agent requests TCP

send and receive buffers of a minimum size of 512 KB. The value may

be changed using the following command.

# /usr/sbin/no -p -o sb_max=524288

To query the value, use the following

command:

# /usr/sbin/no -o sb_max

Large pages

On

AIX 5.3 systems with the required patch levels, TimesTen can use

large pages. Using large pages locks the shared segment into memory

so it cannot be paged. Users must have

the CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM and CAP_PROPAGATE capabilities.

The capabilities are granted by a root user by editing

the /etc/security/userfile or for locally

authenticated users with:

# chuser capabilities=CAP_BYPASS_RAC_VMM,CAP_PROPAGATE user_id

The system default is to not have any

memory allocated to the large page physical memory pool. You can

use the vmo command to configure the size of the large page

physical memory pool. The following example allocates 4 GB to the

large page physical memory pool:

# vmo -r -o lgpg_regions=256 -o lgpg_size=16777216

To use large pages for shared memory,

you must enable the SHM_PIN shmget() system call

with the following command, which persists across system

restarts:

# vmo -p -o v_pinshm=1

Asynchronous I/O

If you plan to use PL/SQL with AIX

versions preceding 6.1, enable the AIO (Asynchronous Input Output)

device drivers on the system where the TimesTen software is

installed. To manually enable asynchronous I/O:

Start smitty

aio.

Run Change/Show

Characteristics of Asynchronous I/O.

Set

the STATE to be

configured at system

restart as available.

This procedure is neither applicable

nor feasible in AIX Version 6.1, where AIO is enabled

dynamically.

Note:

The above procedure does not require a system restart.

Linux prerequisites

For Linux, TimesTen has been tested with releases

of Oracle Linux, Asianux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the MontaVista

Linux Carrier Grade Edition, and SuSE LINUX Enterprise Server.

Consult

Important:

Because Oracle Database does not support MontaVista Linux Carrier

Grade Edition, there are significant restrictions to TimesTen

functionality on that platform. See the release notes for

details.

The C development tools are required if

you intend to do native development.

On Linux, before installation, the

following sections describe steps you can perform to improve the

performance of TimesTen on your system:

Large pages

Large pages can be enabled only if the running Linux

kernel supports large pages (also called "huge pages" in the Linux

community).

If large pages are supported by the

kernel, there should be special files in

the /proc directory that

indicate the number and size of the large pages.

On Linux 2.4.x systems,

the /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_pool indicates

the total size of the large pages.

On 2.6.x systems,

the /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages file

indicates the total number of large pages.

You can change the total number and

size of the large pages by changing the contents of those files.

For example, you can use:

echo 32 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepages

To see the number and size of the

allocated large pages:

cat /proc/meminfo

The following output from this command

would indicate that you have 16 large pages, each of the size 256

MB for a total of 4 GB:

HugePages_Total: 16

HugePages_Free: 16

Hugepagesize: 262144 kB

Note:

Since large pages must be allocated on a contiguous memory space,

the actual large page size allocated may be smaller than requested.

Also, the large page size itself is not configurable. The value

of Hugepagesize in /proc/meminfo indicates

the system's fixed large page size.

If PAM (Pluggable Authentication

Modules) is enabled, you may need to modify

the /etc/security/limits.conf file

to increase the memlock limit. By

default, the limit is 32 KB.

You must also

set /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group to

the group ID of the user that is running the main TimesTen

daemon.

The operating system now is ready for

the large page support. To enable this feature on TimesTen, simply

set -linuxLargePageAlignment Size_in_MB in

the daemon options file (ttendaemon.options).

You should specify the large page

alignment size in MB, which is the Hugepagesize value

in /proc/meminfo.

After you set up large pages, TimesTen

uses as many large pages as possible. If there are not enough

pages, TimesTen uses the normal pages after consuming all available

large pages.

When TimesTen uses large pages,

the HugePages_Free file

in /proc/meminfo changes.

Required Library

Packages

For TimesTen to work properly on

MontaVista Linux, include the libaio and libelf library

packages.

Semaphores

To

view existing kernel parameter settings, log in

as root and use:

# /sbin/sysctl -a

On Linux systems, the first parameter

of kernel.sem must be a

minimum of 128. TimesTen uses 155 SEMMSL, plus one for each active

connection. You must increase the kernel parameter settings if you

plan to use a large number of connections.

For example, if you plan to use 200

connections, we recommend that you add the following line to

the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

kernel.sem = 400 32000 100 128

The first parameter is the maximum

number of semaphores per array (SEMMSL), the second parameter is maximum

semaphores systemwide (SEMMNS), the third parameter is maximum

operations per semop call (SEMOPM), and the fourth parameter is

maximum arrays (SEMNI).

Then restart or run the following

command:

# /sbin/sysctl -p

Shared memory

To

increase the shared memory size to 2048 MB, log in

as root and edit

the /etc/sysctl.conf file by

adding the following line.

kernel.shmmax=2147483648

If your configuration is greater than 8

GB, you should also increase the value of

the shmall parameter. The

value is in KB and should be equal toceil(SHMMAX/PAGE_SIZE). Page size is

generally 4K on x86 systems and 16K on Itanium. For example, for a

64 GB database on Itanium, you should specify the following

parameters values:

kernel.shmmax=68719476736

kernel.shmall=4194304

To increase the shared memory size

without restarting:

% /sbin/sysctl -w kernel.shmmax=2147483648

If you have your kernel configured with

the /proc file system and it

is mounted, then the current maximum shared memory segment size (in

bytes) can be viewed by the following command:

% cat /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax

You can also change this value by the

following command:

% echo 2147483648 > /proc/sys/kernel/shmmax

This command has the same effect as

the sysctl command.

IPC Client/Server

On

Red Hat Linux systems, to enable more than six ShmIpc Client/Server

connections, add the following line to

the /etc/sysctl.conf file:

kernel.sem = 270 32000 100 128

Then restart or run the following

command.

# /sbin/sysctl -p

Replication

For replication, TCP send and receive buffers

should be increased to a minimum of 512 KB.

To increase the buffers to 4 MB, add the following lines to

the/etc/sysctl.conf file:

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=4096 4194304 4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=98304 4194304 4194304

net.core.rmem_default=65535

net.core.wmem_default=65535

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_max=4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling=1

Then restart or run this command:

# /sbin/sysctl -p

IMDB Cache

For IMDB Cache, TCP send and receive buffers should

be increased to even greater values. To make these changes, add the

following lines to the/etc/sysctl.conf file:

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem=4096 4194304 4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem=98304 4194304 4194304

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_max=4194304

net.ipv4.tcp_window_scaling=1

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range="1024 65000"

Then restart or run this command:

# /sbin/sysctl -p

Solaris prerequisites

On Solaris, before installation, the following

sections enable you to improve the performance of TimesTen on your

system.

File system options

In addition to

the file

system options listed in the section "General

UNIX requirements", on Solaris UFS file systems, if you plan to

have TimesTen applications that use DurableCommits=1, mount the file system

with the -forcedirectio option.

Create a project

For Solaris 10 and 11 systems, you must

create a project to manage system resources, such as shared memory,

file descriptors and semaphores.

You can create a group project or a

user project.

Note:

If you create a user group, the instance administrator must run

the newtask command each

time the TimesTen daemons must be restarted. If the TimesTen

daemons start at system start time, add

the newtask command to the

system startup scripts.

For example, to create a group project

for the group timesten g500, with 500 GB of shared memory, 4096

semaphores and 65,535 file descriptors:

Login as

user root.

Add the group project.

# projadd -G g500 timesten

Modify the shared memory for the group

to 500 GB.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-shm-memory=(priv,500GB,deny)" timesten

Modify the maximum number of semaphores

to 4096.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-sem-nsems=(priv,4096,deny)" timesten

Note:

For each active database, TimesTen consumes

155 SEMMSL,

plus one SEMMSL for each

connection.

Modify the maximum number of file

descriptors to 65,535.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-file-descriptor=(priv,65535,deny)" timesten

Run the newtask command before

restarting the TimesTen daemons.

# newtask -p timesten -c $$

Or, for example, to create a user

project for the user timesten, with 500 GB of shared memory,

4096 semaphores and 65,535 file descriptors:

Login as

user root.

Add the user project.

# projadd -U timesten user.timesten

Modify the shared memory for the group

to 500 GB.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-shm-memory=(priv,500GB,deny)" user.timesten

Modify the maximum number of semaphores

to 4096.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-sem-nsems=(priv,4096,deny)" user.timesten

Note:

For each active database, TimesTen consumes

155 SEMMSL,

plus one SEMMSL for each

connection.

Modify the maximum number of file

descriptors to 65,535.

# projmod -a -K "process.max-file-descriptor=(priv,65535,deny)" user.timesten

Every user and every group are

associated to a default project, which is the project under which

their processes are run. The project or process settings used by a

user are those that occur first in

the /etc/project file.

If you have not modified the project file, the system

default project settings occur first.

Note:

Do not remove the default project settings from

the project file. Instead,

place your project settings at the top of

the projectfile above the default

settings.

For either the user project method or

group project method, you have the following options for

associating your project settings with the specified user or

group.

Edit the /etc/project file to

move the timesten project entry so that it proceeds the default

entry.

Or:

Add the following line to

a .profile or .cshrc script

or execute it before restarting daemons. This uses the project and

process settings. This is required if project created

with -G only.

# newtask -p timesten -c $$

Windows requirements

The TimesTen debug libraries depend on Visual Studio

2003, 2005, 2008, or 2010. If you intend to use the debug

libraries, ensure that one of these versions is installed.

On more recent Windows versions, such

as Vista, Windows 2008, and Windows 7, you must have Administrator

privileges to perform certain operations, such as starting and

stopping the TimesTen daemon. If User Account Control is enabled,

and you are logged in as the local Administrator, then you can

successfully run these operations in the usual way. However, if you

are logged in as a member of the TimesTen users group, then you

must explicitly invoke these tasks with Windows Administrator

privileges.

To start a command prompt window with

Windows Administrator privileges, you can right-click

the cmd.exe executable. (In

Windows 7, for example, this executable is located in

the C:\Windows\System32 folder.)

When the command window opens, it will

indicate "Administrator" in the title bar.