1、场景
1)用户输入完网址后,浏览器直接弹出需要输入用户名/密码
PS:此时输入用户名密码即可登录,或者直接带着用户名密码访问网站。
假设url为http://xxx.yyy.zzz
用户名为admin
密码为123456
则访问的网址应该为http://admin:123456@xxx.yyy.zzz【http://username:password@url】
直接访问改网址即可
2)利用requests.get(url)返回状态码为401
# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://xxxxx.yyyyyy'
response = requests.get(url=url)
status_code = response.status_code
print status_code
text = response.text
print text
运行
401
401 - Unauthorized: Access is denied due to invalid credentials.Server Error
401 - Unauthorized: Access is denied due to invalid credentials.
You do not have permission to view this directory or page using the credentials that you supplied.
2、HTTP基础验证
这是一种简单的身份认证,它是通过http的authorization请求头中,携带经过base64加密的用户名和密码而实现的一种认证
# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
user = 'admin'
password = '123456'
response = requests.get(url=url, auth=HTTPBasicAuth(user, password))
# 或者
# response = requests.get(url=url, auth=(user, password))
print response.status_code
3、摘要式身份认证
# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPDigestAuth
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
user = 'admin'
password = '123456'
response = requests.get(url, auth=HTTPDigestAuth(user, password))
print response.status_code
如果2和3都不行,还是返回401,此时可以试试第4种
使用2和3依旧返回401,此时可以print出response.headers看一下
# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests.auth import HTTPDigestAuth
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
user = 'admin'
password = '123456'
response = requests.get(url, auth=HTTPDigestAuth(user, password))
print response.status_code
print response.headers
运行
401
{'Content-Length': '1293', 'X-Powered-By': 'ASP.NET', 'Server': 'Microsoft-IIS/7.5', 'Date': 'Fri, 05 Jun 2020 05:36:23 GMT', 'Content-Type': 'text/html', 'WWW-Authenticate': 'Negotiate, NTLM'}
打印后可看到headers中带有字样'WWW-Authenticate': 'Negotiate, NTLM',表示需要ntlm验证,此时尝试使用第4种[/code]
4、ntlm验证
# -*- encoding=utf-8 -*-
import requests
from requests_ntlm import HttpNtlmAuth
if __name__ == '__main__':
url = 'http://xxx.yyy.zzz'
user = 'admin'
password = '123456'
response = requests.get(url, auth=HttpNtlmAuth(user, password))
print response.status_code
print response.headers
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持随便开发网。