nginx 二进制包安装mysql_Linux运维：CentOS7安装LNMP(nginx1.14.2、mariadb10.3.13、php7.3.3)...

前言

系统环境

[root@lnmp mysql]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core)

[root@lnmp mysql]# uname -r

3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64

官方下载地址

安装mariadb10.3.13

1. 下载mariadb二进制包

由于源码包编译时间过长就不选用了，而选用已经编译过的二进制包

$ wget https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/mariadb//mariadb-10.3.13/bintar-linux-x86_64/mariadb-10.3.13-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

2. 解压

$ tar -zxvf mariadb-10.3.13-linux-x86_64.tar.gz

3. 将解压后的二进制包放置软件目录

这里我习惯放置在/usr/local下，并改名mysql

$ mv mariadb-10.3.13-linux-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4. 创建数据存储目录与管理用户mysql

$ groupadd mysql

$ useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql

$ cd /usr/local/mysql

$ chown -R mysql:mysql .

5.初始化

$ ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

这一步如果报错：

/usr/local/mariadb/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决：yum install -y libaio-devel

6.检查是否安装成功

在初始化命令之后使用$ ech $?，查看返回结果是否为0，为0表示成功，不为0表示失败。

7.拷贝启动脚本，并用chkconfig工具管理

$ cd /usr/local/mysql

$ cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

# 定义启动脚本内容，修改datadir和basedir

$ vim /etc/init.d/mysqld

# 修改

basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 软件的目录

datadir==/usr/local/mysql/data # 存放数据目录

# 修改完，设置开机自启动

$ chkconfig --add mysqld

$ chkconfig mysqld on

8.设置mariadb配置文件/etc/my.cnf

$ vim /etc/my.cnf

# 修改配置内容为

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mariadb.log

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mariadb.pid

保存退出。

9. 启动mariadb服务

$ /etc/init.d/mysqld start #启动mariadb

10. 查看端口进程

[root@lnmp mysql]$ netstat -lntp | grep mysql

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4225/mysqld

[root@lnmp mysql]$ ps aux | grep mysql

root 4140 0.0 0.0 115436 1756 ? S 13:31 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/lnmp.pid

mysql 4225 0.0 4.8 1713716 90736 ? Sl 13:31 0:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mariadb.log --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/lnmp.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

root 4280 0.0 0.0 112728 964 pts/1 S+ 13:43 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

11. 进入mariadb数据库

$ /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 10

Server version: 10.3.13-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

12. 设置软连接

$ ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin

$ ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin

13. 设置root密码

$ mysqladmin -u root -p '!@#123qwe'

14. root用户登录mysql

[root@lnmp mysql]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MariaDB connection id is 16

Server version: 10.3.13-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

至此mariadb安装完毕。

安装php7.3.3

1. 下载软件包

下载地址：http://php.net/get/php-7.3.3.tar.bz2/from/a/mirror

选择中国镜像站点下载，或者复制链接地址wget下载也可以。

这里我是先下载到我的window再上传到linux。

2. 解压

$ tar -jxvf php-7.3.3.tar.bz2

# 如果没有安装bzip2工具会报错

$ yum install -y bzip2

3. 安装依赖包

$ yum install -y gcc libxml2-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel epel-release libmcrypt-devel curl-devel freetype-devel

4. 编译参数

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl

5. 安装

make && make install

6. 拷贝配置文件

$ cp /usr/local/src/php-7.3.3/php.ini-development /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini

$ cp /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf

7. 配置启动脚本设置开机启动

$ cp /usr/local/src/php-7.3.3/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm

$ chmod +x php-fpm

$ chkconfig --add php-fpm

$ chkconfig php-fom on

8. 创建用户，配置pool

$ useradd php-fpm

$ cp /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

9.启动服务，查看进程

[root@lnmp ~]$ service php-fpm start

Starting php-fpm done

[root@lnmp ~]$ ps aux | grep php-fpm

root 18747 0.0 0.3 115992 6284 ? Ss 13:27 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf)

php-fpm 18748 0.0 0.3 115992 5836 ? S 13:27 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

php-fpm 18749 0.0 0.3 115992 5836 ? S 13:27 0:00 php-fpm: pool www

root 18751 0.0 0.0 112724 988 pts/0 S+ 13:27 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm

[root@lnmp ~]$ netstat -lntp | grep php-fpm

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:9000 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18747/php-fpm: mast

php安装完毕。

编译安装nginx1.14.2

1. 下载软件包

$ cd /usr/local/src

$ wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

2. 解压

$ tar -zxvf nginx-1.14.2.tar.gz

3. 编译安装

$ cd nginx-1.14.2

$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

$ make && make install

4. 添加nginx启动脚本

$ vim /etc/init.d/nginx

内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

# chkconfig: - 30 21

# description: http service.

# Source Function Library

. /etc/init.d/functions

# Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"

NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"

RETVAL=0

prog="Nginx"

start()

{

echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp

daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF

RETVAL=$?

echo

return $RETVAL

}

stop()

{

echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM

rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp

RETVAL=$?

echo

return $RETVAL

}

reload()

{

echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP

RETVAL=$?

echo

return $RETVAL

}

restart()

{

stop

start

}

configtest()

{

$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t

return 0

}

case "$1" in

start)

start

;;

stop)

stop

;;

reload)

reload

;;

restart)

restart

;;

configtest)

configtest

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"

RETVAL=1

esac

exit $RETVAL

5. 设置nginx开机启动

$ chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

$ chkconfig --add nginx

$ chkconfig nginx on

6. 启动nignx，查看进程端口

[root@lnmp nginx-1.14.2]$ /etc/init.d/nginx start

Starting nginx (via systemctl): [ 确定 ]

[root@lnmp nginx-1.14.2]$ ps aux | grep nginx

root 21486 0.0 0.0 45948 1120 ? Ss 13:50 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

nobody 21487 0.0 0.1 46384 1900 ? S 13:50 0:00 nginx: worker process

root 21489 0.0 0.0 112724 988 pts/0 S+ 13:50 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx

[root@lnmp nginx-1.14.2]$ netstat -lntp | grep nginx

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 21486/nginx: master

至此nginx安装完毕。