python function if yield_python yield的终极解释

(译者注:这是回答者对问题的具体解释)

生成器:

# Here you create the method of the node object that will return the generator

def node._get_child_candidates(self, distance, min_dist, max_dist):

# Here is the code that will be called each time you use the generator object :

# If there is still a child of the node object on its left

# AND if distance is ok, return the next child

if self._leftchild and distance - max_dist < self._median:

yield self._leftchild

# If there is still a child of the node object on its right

# AND if distance is ok, return the next child

if self._rightchild and distance + max_dist >= self._median:

yield self._rightchild

# If the function arrives here, the generator will be considered empty

# there is no more than two values : the left and the right children

调用者:

# Create an empty list and a list with the current object reference

result, candidates = list(), [self]

# Loop on candidates (they contain only one element at the beginning)

while candidates:

# Get the last candidate and remove it from the list

node = candidates.pop()

# Get the distance between obj and the candidate

distance = node._get_dist(obj)

# If distance is ok, then you can fill the result

if distance <= max_dist and distance >= min_dist:

result.extend(node._values)

# Add the children of the candidate in the candidates list

# so the loop will keep running until it will have looked

# at all the children of the children of the children, etc. of the candidate

candidates.extend(node._get_child_candidates(distance, min_dist, max_dist))

return result

这个代码包含了几个小部分：

我们对一个列表进行迭代，但是迭代中列表还在不断的扩展。它是一个迭代这些嵌套的数据的简洁方式，即使这样有点危险，因为可能导致无限迭代。candidates.extend(node._get_child_candidates(distance, min_dist, max_dist)) 穷尽了生成器的所有值，但 while 不断地在产生新的生成器，它们会产生和上一次不一样的值，既然没有作用到同一个节点上.

extend() 是一个迭代器方法，作用于迭代器，并把参数追加到迭代器的后面。

通常我们传给它一个列表参数:

>>> a = [1, 2]

>>> b = [3, 4]

>>> a.extend(b)

>>> print(a)

[1, 2, 3, 4]

但是在你的代码中的是一个生成器，这是不错的，因为：

你不必读两次所有的值

你可以有很多子对象，但不必叫他们都存储在内存里面。

并且这很奏效，因为Python不关心一个方法的参数是不是个列表。Python只希望它是个可以迭代的，所以这个参数可以是列表，元组，字符串，生成器... 这叫做 ducktyping,这也是为何Python如此棒的原因之一，但这已经是另外一个问题了...

你可以在这里停下，来看看生成器的一些高级用法: