mysql full outer_为什么MySQL在FULL OUTER JOIN上报告语法错误？

SELECT airline, airports.icao_code, continent, country, province, city, website

FROM airlines

FULL OUTER JOIN airports ON airlines.iaco_code = airports.iaco_code

FULL OUTER JOIN cities ON airports.city_id = cities.city_id

FULL OUTER JOIN provinces ON cities.province_id = provinces.province_id

FULL OUTER JOIN countries ON cities.country_id = countries.country_id

FULL OUTER JOIN continents ON countries.continent_id = continents.continent_id

It says that

You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'outer join airports on airlines.iaco_code = airports.iaco_code

full outer join' at line 4

The syntax looks right to me. I've never done a lot of joins before, but I need those columns in a table which is cross referenced by various id's.

解决方案You can emulate FULL OUTER JOIN using

UNION (from MySQL 4.0.0 on):

with two tables t1, t2:

SELECT * FROM t1

LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

UNION

SELECT * FROM t1

RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

with three tables t1, t2, t3:

SELECT * FROM t1

LEFT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

LEFT JOIN t3 ON t2.id = t3.id

UNION

SELECT * FROM t1

RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

LEFT JOIN t3 ON t2.id = t3.id

UNION

SELECT * FROM t1

RIGHT JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.id

RIGHT JOIN t3 ON t2.id = t3.id