debian查看bind版本_关于debian：如何在使用apt-get安装软件包之前检查版本

我正在考虑安装上个月在我的Debian PC上发布的hylafax +版本5.5.4。

我检查了dpkg -l | grep"hylafax"，发现当前版本为5.5.3。 然后，我检查了apt-cache search hylafax，发现软件包可用，但是看不到任何版本号。

如何在apt-get中找到可用的软件包版本？

在Unix和Linux堆栈交换上的相同问题：unix.stackexchange.com/questions/6284/

好的，我找到了。

apt-cache policy将显示版本详细信息。

它还显示了当前安装的版本以及可以安装的版本。

例如，apt-cache policy hylafax+

不能相信apt install中没有显示此内容，以便您有机会在说出Y之前复习版本。

apt-cache policy

$ apt-cache policy redis-server

redis-server:

Installed: (none)

Candidate: 2:2.8.4-2

Version table:

2:2.8.4-2 0

500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages

apt-get install -s

$ apt-get install -s redis-server

NOTE: This is only a simulation!

apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.

Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,

so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

The following extra packages will be installed:

libjemalloc1 redis-tools

The following NEW packages will be installed:

libjemalloc1 redis-server redis-tools

0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.

Inst libjemalloc1 (3.5.1-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Inst redis-tools (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Inst redis-server (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Conf libjemalloc1 (3.5.1-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Conf redis-tools (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Conf redis-server (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

apt-cache show

$ apt-cache show redis-server

Package: redis-server

Priority: optional

Section: universe/misc

Installed-Size: 744

Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers

Original-Maintainer: Chris Lamb

Architecture: amd64

Source: redis

Version: 2:2.8.4-2

Depends: libc6 (>= 2.14), libjemalloc1 (>= 2.1.1), redis-tools (= 2:2.8.4-2), adduser

Filename: pool/universe/r/redis/redis-server_2.8.4-2_amd64.deb

Size: 267446

MD5sum: 066f3ce93331b876b691df69d11b7e36

SHA1: f7ffbf228cc10aa6ff23ecc16f8c744928d7782e

SHA256: 2d273574f134dc0d8d10d41b5eab54114dfcf8b716bad4e6d04ad8452fe1627d

Description-en: Persistent key-value database with network interface

Redis is a key-value database in a similar vein to memcache but the dataset

is non-volatile. Redis additionally provides native support for atomically

manipulating and querying data structures such as lists and sets.

.

The dataset is stored entirely in memory and periodically flushed to disk.

Description-md5: 9160ed1405585ab844f8750a9305d33f

Homepage: http://redis.io/

Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug

Origin: Ubunt

dpkg -l

$ dpkg -l nginx

Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold

| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend

|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)

||/ Name                                     Version                   Architecture              Description

+++-========================================-=========================-=========================-=====================================================================================

ii  nginx                                    1.6.2-1~trusty            amd64                     high performance web server

请注意，dpkg -l仅列出已安装的软件包。 提前查看版本没有用。

apt policy

简而言之

Linux Mint，Debian 9，Ubuntu 16.04和更低版本：

简短信息：

apt policy

详细信息(带有说明和取决于)：

apt show

以下内容可能会很好地起作用：

aptitude versions ^hylafax+

在aptitude中查看更多(8)

在debian上：

apt list --upgradable

给出包含软件包的列表，要升级的版本以及软件包的实际版本。

结果：

base-files/stable 8+deb8u8 amd64 [upgradable from: 8+deb8u7]

bind9-host/stable 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u11 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u9]

ca-certificates/stable 20141019+deb8u3 all [upgradable from: 20141019+deb8u2]

certbot/jessie-backports 0.10.2-1~bpo8+1 all [upgradable from: 0.8.1-2~bpo8+1]

dnsutils/stable 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u11 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u9]

好答案！ 提供所有软件包的概述，不需要其他软件包(例如apt-show-versions)。

另外，apt-show-versions软件包(单独安装)将分析dpkg有关已安装内容的信息，并告诉您软件包是否为最新版本。

例..

$ sudo apt-show-versions --regex chrome

google-chrome-stable/stable upgradeable from 32.0.1700.102-1 to 35.0.1916.114-1

xserver-xorg-video-openchrome/quantal-security uptodate 1:0.3.1-0ubuntu1.12.10.1

$

另外，根据手册页：

apt-cache showpkg

也可以用于：

...display information about the packages listed on the command line. Remaining arguments are package

names. The available versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well as forward

dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are those packages upon which the package in

question depends; reverse dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in question. Thus,

forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but reverse dependencies need not be.

例如：

apt-cache policy conky

conky:

Installed: (none)

Candidate: 1.10.3-1

Version table:

1.10.3-1 500

500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/universe amd64 Packages

500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/universe i386 Packages

正如在其他地方发布的那样，它也适用：

<5233>

您还可以简单地执行常规apt-get update，然后按照手册进行：

apt-get -V upgrade

-V Show verbose version numbers

它将向您显示当前软件包，而将以类似于下面的格式升级的软件包：

~# sudo apt-get -V upgrade

Reading package lists... Done

Building dependency tree

Reading state information... Done

Calculating upgrade... Done

The following packages will be upgraded:

curl (7.38.0-4+deb8u14 => 7.38.0-4+deb8u15)

php5 (5.6.40+dfsg-0+deb8u2 => 5.6.40+dfsg-0+deb8u3)

2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

Need to get 12.0 MB of archives.

After this operation, 567 kB of additional disk space will be used.

Do you want to continue? [Y/n]