java加载器作用_JVM学习（九）--不同的类加载器作用与加载动作分析

If the system property "java.system.class.loader" is defined

* when this method is first invoked then the value of that property is

* taken to be the name of a class that will be returned as the system

* class loader. The class is loaded using the default system class loader

* and must define a public constructor that takes a single parameter of

* type ClassLoader which is used as the delegation parent. An

* instance is then created using this constructor with the default system

* class loader as the parameter. The resulting class loader is defined

* to be the system class loader.

* 如果设定了java.system.class.loader那么这个方法返回的就是java.system.class.loader设定的类加载器。这个类被系统类加载器加载，并且

* 定义一个公共的构造方法，接受一个ClassLoader参数用作为委托的双亲，用默认系统类类加载器作为构造器的参数，就会创造一个实例 ，所得到的就是系统类加载器

*/

//返回系统类加载器

@CallerSensitive

public static ClassLoader getSystemClassLoader() {

initSystemClassLoader();

if (scl == null) {

return null;

}

SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

if (sm != null) {

checkClassLoaderPermission(scl, Reflection.getCallerClass());

}

return scl;

}

```

> getParent方法：

```java

/**

* Returns the parent class loader for delegation. Some implementations may

* use null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method

* will return null in such implementations if this class loader's

* parent is the bootstrap class loader.

* 返回父加载器用于委托，有些实现返回null用来表示根类加载器，如果一个类的父加载器是根加载器，那么这个方法将会返回null

*/

public final ClassLoader getParent() {

if (parent == null)

return null;

SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

if (sm != null) {

// Check access to the parent class loader

// If the caller's class loader is same as this class loader,

// permission check is performed.

checkClassLoaderPermission(parent, Reflection.getCallerClass());

}

return parent;

}

```

> parent 变量是ClassLoader的成员变量：

```java

// The parent class loader for delegation

// Note: VM hardcoded the offset of this field, thus all new fields

// must be added *after* it.

用于委托的双亲加载器，JVM将这个变量的偏移量进行了硬编码，，这样新的变量就要加载这个变量的后边

private final ClassLoader parent;

```

> 下一例子：

如何通过一个给定的字节码的路径来把相应的资源信息打印出来

```java

public class MyTest14 {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

//Thread.currentThread():或取到当前执行的线程一个引用

ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();//通常用于启动应用的应用类加载器

String resourceName = "com/twodragonlake/jvm/classloader/MyTest13.class";//包名

/*

Finds all the resources with the given name. A resource is some data

(images, audio, text, etc) that can be accessed by class code in a way

that is independent of the location of the code.

返回给定名字所有的资源，资源可以是(图片，音频，文本，等)可以被class字节码以一种与字节码位置无关的方式去访问，

classLoader.getResources(resourceName){....}

*/

Enumerationurls = classLoader.getResources(resourceName);//找到给定名字的所有资源

while(urls.hasMoreElements()){

System.out.println(urls.nextElement());

}

System.out.println("----------------");

Class> clazz = String.class;

System.out.println(clazz.getClassLoader());//自定义的类有系统类加载器加载

System.out.println("----------------");

clazz = MyTest14.class;

System.out.println(clazz.getClassLoader()); //由根类加载器加载 因为系统类加载器的加载目录包含rt目录

}

}

```

> 运行结果

```java

file:/E:/Study/intelIde/jvm_lecture/out/production/classes/com/twodragonlake/jvm/classloader/MyTest13.class

----------------

null

----------------

sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader@18b4aac2

```

> **获取`ClassLoader`的方式**

获得当前类的`ClassLoader`：

`class.getClassLoader()`;

获取当前线程上下文的`ClassLoader`：

`Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();`

获得系统的`ClassLoader`：

`ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()`

获得调用者的`ClassLoader`:

`DriverManager.getCallerClassLoader();`

类加载器不是用来加载对象的，是加载和对象对应的类。

class对象对应的是类本身

### 类加载器的双亲委托机制

![不同的类加载器作用与加载动作分析02.png][2]

如果感觉本篇看着还不是太懂可以看下篇博客：[不同的类加载器作用与加载动作分析](https://www.cnblogs.com/webor2006/p/9029910.html)，这篇小编就先不进行复制了。直接点击链接就可以跳到原文。

附：[参考原文1](https://ceaser.wang/2018/10/04/jvm%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86%EF%BC%888%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%8D%E5%90%8C%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%BB%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD%E5%99%A8%E4%B8%8E%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD%E4%B8%8E%E5%8A%A0%E8%BD%BD%E5%8A%A8%E4%BD%9C%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90/),[参考原文2](https://www.cnblogs.com/webor2006/p/9029910.html)。

[1]: https://lilinchao.com/usr/uploads/2019/12/4152142786.png

[2]: https://lilinchao.com/usr/uploads/2019/12/4238738204.png