matlab中tau 8. tau,利用Thompson Tau方法进行异常值替换

Remove outliers

This function accepts a vector or matrix and detects the outlier values in the vector/matrix using Thopson Tau method, which is based on the absolute deviation of each record from the mean of the entire vector/matrix, and fills the outliers with NaNs in the returned output.

The magnitude of Thompson's Tau value corresponding to the number of records in the input vector (m) or matrix (m*n) to the Standard Deviation of the input vector/matrix is the rule to decide if any record is in the outliers. The mean, standard deviation (std) and the magnitude of Thompson's Tau (tau*std) are calculated again after removal of each outlier. If the input is matrix, it will be converted to a vector before detecting the outliers, however, the output will be a matrix with the same m*n dimensions as input. Indexes of the outleirs also will be returned, where if the input was a vector, the index vector also will be a vector, however, if the input was a matrix, outlier indexes will be returned in a two-column matrix showing i,j indexes of the outliers (see examples below).

--Inputs:

X0: input vector or matrix which contains outleirs

num_outliers: number of outliers that should be removed from the input vector/matrix

--Outputs:

X: output vector/matrix with outliers (if any detected) turned to NaN

outliers_idx: the index(es) of any detected outliers, the more extreme

outliers will be detected first, so the first index refers to the most extreme outlier and so forth

--Theory of Thompson Tau method:

http://www.mne.psu.edu/me345/Lectures/Outliers.pdf

http://www.jstor.org/stable/2345543 (Thompson, 1985)

--Note: this function is an improvement based on Vince Petaccio, 2009: http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/24885-remove-outliers

--Improvements:

1. Handleing NaNs in inputs

2. Number of outliers to be removed is restricted to a user defined maximum to avoid uncontrolled shrinking of input dataset

3. Filling outliers by NaNs to preserve original dimensions of the input vector/matrix; this is crucial when the input variable is supposed to be used with another variable with the same size (e.g., for plotting, regression calculations, etc.)

4. Indexes of the outliers that have been detected and removed are returned so that the user knows which records have been removed, and since the indexes are ordered from the most extreme (negative or positive) to less extreme outliers, user will know which point was in the farthest outliers.

5. Syntax and algorithm has been siginificantly improved, this includes the logic for detection of the outliers from the upper and lower limits. Logic to detect an outlier is solely based on the absolute distance of each record from the central point rather than detecting the outliers sequentially, which was the case in Vince Petaccio, 2009, where outliers were detected and removed by order of one from the upper and the next from the lower extremes. This code first arranges the extreme values (upper or lower) to one side of the sorted vector based on the absolute distance from the center (while preserving the original arrangment in the input vector) then removes the bottom line element if it meets outlier conditions. This process continues until num_outliers is reached.

6. This function is enhanced to handle both vectors and matrices.

% --Examples:

% -Example 1. Vector input:

X0=[2.0, 3.0, -50.5, 4.0, 109.0, 6.0]

[X, outliers_idx] = outliers(X0, 2) %call function with vector input

% X =

% 2, 3, NaN, 4, NaN, 6

%

% outliers_idx =

% 5, 3

%

% -Example 2. Matrix input:

X0= [2.0, 3.0, -50.5, 4.0, 109.0, 6.0;

5.3, 7.0, 80.0, 2.0, NaN, 1.0;

5.1, 2.7, 3.8, 2.0, 3.5, 21.0]

[X, outliers_idx] = outliers(X0, 4) %call function with matrix input

% X =

% 2, 3, NaN, 4, NaN , 6;

% 5.3, 7, NaN, 2, NaN, 1;

% 5.1, 2.7, 3.8, 2, 3.5, NaN

%

% outliers_idx =

% %(i) (J) %annotated

% 1, 5;

% 2, 3;

% 1, 3;

% 3, 6;