I 添加控制文件
上面咱们有写到：控制文件最好放在3个不同的磁盘上，最少也要保证2个
1 查看控制文件属性
SQL> show parameter control;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
control_file_record_keep_time integer 7
control_files string /home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl
control_management_pack_access string DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
2 添加02.ctl，就是修改参数值
SQL> alter system set control_files='/home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl','/ooradata/test1/control02.dbf' scope=spfile;
System altered.
3 关机，底层复制
SQL> shutdown immediate
[oracle@jcy1 test1]$ cp /home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl /ooradata/test1/control02.ctl
--一定要对应control_files参数的路径
4 开机验证
SQL> startup
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
------------------------------
/home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl
/ooradata/test1/control02.ctl
第三个控制文件，同理
5 删除控制文件
像之前，我在参数文件里，需要生成pfile，删掉了*.control_files=，再生成回来spfile，比较麻烦，现在我可以像添加
SQL> alter system set control_files='/home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl' scope=spfile;
System altered.
只指定一个01.ctl，02.ctl就被删除了
关机
SQL> shutdown immediate
开机验证
SQL> startup
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
------------------------------
/home/oracle/cs/control01.ctl
II 添加日志文件
1 查看日志文件
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
3 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo03.log NO
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo02.log NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo01.log NO
查看日志更详细信息
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
----------
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 1 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 933509 02-FEB-20 2.8147E+14
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 0 0
3 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 0 0
2 添加日志组(日志有组和成员的概念)
SQL> alter database add logfile group 4 '/home/oracle/cs/redo04.log' size 100m;
Database altered.
--添加日志组4，并且添加一个04成员
给组4添加成员05
SQL> alter database add logfile member '/home/oracle/cs/redo05.log' to group 4;
Database altered.
验证
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
3 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo03.log NO
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo02.log NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo01.log NO
4 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo04.log NO
4 INVALID ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo05.log NO
3 删除日志组
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
Database altered.
验证
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- ---------------------------------------- ---
3 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo03.log NO
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo02.log NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/cs/redo01.log NO
注：如果你还想添加日志组5，组成员04.log，会提示错误，因为底层的04成员并没有删除
[oracle@jcy1 test1]$ cd /home/oracle/cs
[oracle@jcy1 cs]$ ls -l redo04.log
-rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 104858112 Feb 2 11:01 redo04.log
所以要删除底层04
[oracle@jcy1 cs]$ rm -rf redo04.log
4 继续删除日志组4(我后来又添加了组4)要保证至少两组日志的存在
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01623: log 4 is current log for instance test1 (thread 1) - cannot drop
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 1: '/home/oracle/cs/redo04.log'
--提示正在使用，于是查看日志状态
SQL> select GROUP#,SEQUENCE#,STATUS from v$log;
GROUP# SEQUENCE# STATUS
---------- ---------- ----------------
1 1 ACTVE
2 2 INACTIVE
3 3 INACTIVE
4 4
CURRENT
解决方法1：切归档
SQL> alter system archive log current;
检查状态，再删除，如果还是不能删除，就再切归档，直到处于INACTIVE，
方法2：创建检查点
SQL>alter system checkpoint;
SQL>
检查状态，再删除
III 添加数据文件
1 查看日志文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
------------------------------
/ooradata/test1/system01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/sysaux01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/undotbs01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/users01.dbf
查看表空间
SQL> select name from v$tablespace;
NAME
------------------------------
SYSTEM
SYSAUX
UNDOTBS1
USERS
TEMP
查询数据文件字典
SQL>select FILE_NAME,FILE_ID,TABLESPACE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 M from dba_data_files;
查询表空间字典
SQL> desc dba_tablespaces
2 给SYSTEM表空间，添加一个system02.dbf文件
SQL> alter tablespace SYSTEM add datafile '/ooradata/test1/system02.dbf' size 200m;
Tablespace altered.
验证
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
------------------------------
/ooradata/test1/system01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/sysaux01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/undotbs01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/users01.dbf
/ooradata/test1/
system02.dbf
3 求SYSTEM表空间的总和大小
SQL> select TABLESPACE_NAME,sum(BYTES/1024/1024)m from dba_data_files group by TABLESPACE_NAME;
TABLESPACE_NAME M
------------------------------ ----------
UNDOTBS1 30
SYSAUX 490
USERS 5
SYSTEM 940
如果表空间太多，可以加过滤条件having TABLESPACE_NAME='SYSTEM';
4 修改数据文件大小
i)先查看大小
SQL> select FILE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 m from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME M
--------------------------------------------- ----------
/ooradata/test1/users01.dbf 5
/ooradata/test1/undotbs01.dbf 30
/ooradata/test1/sysaux01.dbf 490
/ooradata/test1/system01.dbf 740
/ooradata/test1/system02.dbf 200
ii)修改大小
SQL> alter database datafile '/ooradata/test1/system02.dbf' resize 220m;
Database altered.
iii)验证
SQL> select FILE_NAME,BYTES/1024/1024 m from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME M
--------------------------------------------- ----------
/ooradata/test1/users01.dbf 5
/ooradata/test1/undotbs01.dbf 30
/ooradata/test1/sysaux01.dbf 490
/ooradata/test1/system01.dbf 740
/ooradata/test1/system02.dbf
220
5 查看表空间使用多少
思路：总共的-空闲的=使用的
SQL>desc dba_free_space
select z-c, a.TABLESPACE_NAME from --相减，就得到使用
--查询总的大小
(select sum(BYTES/1024/1024) z, TABLESPACE_NAME from dba_data_files group by TABLESPACE_NAME)a,
--查询剩余的大小
(select sum(BYTES/1024/1024) c, TABLESPACE_NAME from dba_free_space group by TABLESPACE_NAME)b
where a. TABLESPACE_NAME=b. TABLESPACE_NAME;
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