python classmethod函数_Python 学习入门（37）—— @classmethod函数

@classmethod : 类方法

@staticmethod : 静态方法

类方法和静态方法的调用一样，都是通过类就可以直接调用。

区别：类方法，需要传入该类，定义类方法的时候要传一个默认的参数cls。静态方法则不用。

示例：

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# blog.ithomer.net

class Test(object):

x = 11

def __init__(self, _x):

self._x = _x

print("Test.__init__")

@classmethod

def class_method(cls):

print("class_method")

@staticmethod

def static_method():

print("static_method")

@classmethod

def getPt(cls):

cls.class_method()

cls.static_method()

if "__main__" == __name__:

Test.class_method() # class_method

Test.static_method() # static_method

Test.getPt() # class_method static_method

t = Test(22) # Test.__init__

t.class_method() # class_method

t.static_method() # static_method

print Test.x # 11

# print Test._x

print t.x # 11

print t._x # 22

# t.getPr() # 'Test' object has no attribute 'getPr'

运行结果： class_method

static_method

class_method

static_method

Test.__init__

class_method

static_method

11

11

22

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/home/homer/workspace/myPython/com/connmiliao.py", line 40, in

t.getPr()

AttributeError: 'Test' object has no attribute 'getPr'

示例：@property,@staticmethod,@classmethod

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# blog.ithomer.net

class MyClass(object):

def __init__(self):

print '__init__'

self._name = 'blog.ithomer.net'

@staticmethod

def static_method():

print 'This is a static method!'

def test(self):

print 'call test'

@classmethod

def class_method(cls):

print 'cls: ',cls

print 'cls.name: ',cls.name

print 'cls.static_method(): ',cls.static_method()

instance = cls()

print 'instance.test(): ',instance.test()

@property

def name(self):

return self._name

@name.setter

def name(self, value):

self._name = value

if __name__ == '__main__':

MyClass.static_method()

MyClass.class_method()

mc = MyClass()

print mc.name

mc.name = 'forum.ithomer.net'

print mc.name

运行结果：

This is a static method!

cls:  

cls.name:  

cls.static_method():  This is a static method!

None

__init__

instance.test():  call test

None

__init__

blog.ithomer.net

forum.ithomer.net