yum安装mysql修改弱密码_CentOS 7下使用yum安装MySQL5.7及初始密码修改方法

首先要查看一下CentOS 7系统是否已安装mysql历史版本，可使用如下命令：

rpm -qa|grep mysql

rpm -qa|grep mariadb

如存在mysql历史版本可用以下命令，依次进行卸载。

yum -y remove mysql安装包名称

yum -y remove mariadb安装包名称

由于CentOS7默认yum安装数据库是mariadb，因此需要通过repo源进行安装mysql最新版本。

[root@localhost ~]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y mysql mysql-server

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -V //查看当前安装mysql版本

mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.27, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper

mysql5.7安装完成后，初始密码为随机密码，需要修改一下密码，本次介绍两种修改root初始密码的方法。

方法一：

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld //启动mysql服务

[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log //通过log查看初始密码

2019-09-18T08:17:00.010786Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: i8d?ur_#rr+O //i8d?ur_#rr+O此为mysql初始密码

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password: //输入初始密码i8d?ur_#rr+O

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 3

Server version: 5.7.27

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

接下来进行mysql密码重置操作。

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Password@123..'; //重置mysql密码为：Password@123..

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> update mysql.user set host='%' where host='localhost'; //root用户可使用任意IP登录数据库

Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 3 Changed: 3 Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges; //刷新权限

方法二：

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf //编辑mysql配置文件，在[mysqld]中添加一行：skip-grant-tables=1，这一行配置让mysqld启动时不对密码进行验证，如下图所示。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启mysqld服务

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root //使用root用户登录

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql; //切换到mysql数据库

mysql> update user set authentication_string = password('Password@123..'), password_expired = 'N', password_last_changed = now() where user = 'root'; //修改user表中root用户的密码，在mysql5.7之前的版本中，密码字段的字段名是：password，而mysql5.7版本中字段名是：authentication_string。

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1

mysql> exit; //退出mysql

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf //删除增加skip-grant-tables=1这行内容。

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart mysqld //重启mysqld服务后，再使用新密码即可登录了。

mysql默认配置的路径，供参考：

配置文件：/etc/my.cnf

数据库文件：/var/lib/mysql

日志文件：/var/log/var/log/mysqld.log

服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service

socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid