linux打实时补丁slower,linux内核实时补丁

继续整理，在ubuntu的系统上安装了KVM。给KVM基础的其中一个ubuntu虚拟机安装实时补丁，来测试KVM是否能支持实时系统，做为一个real-time hypervisor。

方法一

直接安装packages, 包括real time image之类的。

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:abogani/realtime

$ sudo apt-get update

在命令行输入 sudo apt-get install linux-realtime会自动安装。

这样安装的不需要reboot，但是configuration是默认的，Timer Frequency是 250Hz。

方法二

在给虚拟机安装的时候，内核编译需要比较大的空间，如20G以上。安装完以后有可能会出现一个bug

据说是和SMP的内核有关系，我感觉是虚拟空间太大的虚拟机就会运行不起来。

但是如果是用GUI，virtual manager 创建和运行的就没问题。

编译内核

在没有打上这个补丁时，编译内核时就会有这些选项可供选择，它们位于：

Processor type and features ---> Preemption Model (Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop)) ---> 说明：抢占模式： No Forced Preemption (Server)，这种模式等同于没有使能抢占选项的标准内核，主要适用于科学计算等服务器环境。 Voluntary Kernel Preemption (Desktop)，这种模式使能了自愿抢占，但仍然失效抢占内核选项，它通过增加抢占点缩减了抢占延迟，因此适用于一些需要较好的响应性的环境，如桌面环境，当然这种好的响应性是以牺牲一些吞吐率为代价的。 Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop)，这种模式既包含了自愿抢占，又使能了可抢占内核选项，因此有很好的响应延迟，实际上在一定程度上已经达到了软实时性。它主要适用于桌面和一些嵌入式系统，但是吞吐率比模式2更低。

在打上这个补丁后再编译，就会出现一个Fully Preemption Mode(Real-Time)的选项，这种模式使能了所有实时功能，因此完全能够满足软实时需求，它适用于延迟要求为100微秒或稍低的实时系统。

RT Kernel - why? The main goal in audio-processing is the latency. The latency is the delay beetween signal-creating and reaching the processing in the system (e.g time between pressing a key on the keyboard and hearing the tone). The standard kernels have the disadvantage that the processing is slower (~11ms) as in Windows or using a MAC . The faster the system, means the lower the latency, the more things can happen simular on a the system Ingo Molnar, a RedHat developer and some others have started a project to minimize the latency in Linux: Realtime Preemption. By using excellent audio-hardware the JACK demon (Jack Audio Connection Kit) reach latency < 1ms, similar to the MacOS X "coreaudio" system.

patch kernel ---------------------------- # cd /usr/src # ls linux-3.2.23.tar.bz2 patch-3.2.23-rt36.patch # tar jxf linux-3.2.23.tar.bz2# cd linux-3.2.23 # patch -p1 < ../patch-3.2.23-rt36.patch

配置

# make menuconfig ---------------------------- Processor type and features ---> [*] High Resolution Timer Support Preemption Mode (Complete Preemption (Real-Time)) ---> ( ) No Forced Preemption (Server) ( ) Voluntary Kernel Preemption (Desktop) ( ) Preemptible Kernel (Low-Latency Desktop) (X) Fully Preemption (Real-Time) Timer frequency (1000 HZ) ---> ( ) 100 HZ ( ) 250 HZ ( ) 300 HZ (X) 1000 HZ Kernel hacking ---> [*] Magic SysRq key [ ] Kernel debugging (note: need to look at a -rt kernel config for a full list) 下来配置默认配置已经能够满足要求: ---------------------------------- Note that since kernel 2.6.18-rt8, you may have to activate ACPI option to activate high resolution timer. Power management options (ACPI, APM) ---> ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) Support ---> [*] ACPI Support [*] Power Management Timer Support (2.6.21没有此项) 要加上linux kernel原本需要的配置。 activate realtime-lsm (deprecated) ---------------------------------- Note that the kernel config option is only available when the kernel is patched with rt-lsm patch. If it isn't, you can emerge realtime-lsm to get the module after the kernel is compiled an installed. Only activate "Default Linux Capabilities" in that case. Security options ---> [*] Enable different security models Leave the menu with "Exit" and save configuration. 然后按照内核编译的步骤继续编译。编译后可以reboot, 使用uname -a来查看版本是否更新。