python字典序列化是什么意思_python-json以元组为键序列化字典

python-json以元组为键序列化字典

Python中是否有一种方法可以序列化使用元组作为键的字典：

a={(1,2):'a'}

只需使用json.dumps(a)，就会产生：

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/json/__init__.py", line 230, in dumps

return _default_encoder.encode(obj)

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/json/encoder.py", line 367, in encode

chunks = list(self.iterencode(o))

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/json/encoder.py", line 309, in _iterencode

for chunk in self._iterencode_dict(o, markers):

File "/usr/lib/python2.6/json/encoder.py", line 268, in _iterencode_dict

raise TypeError("key {0!r} is not a string".format(key))

TypeError: key (1, 2) is not a string

Roberto asked 2020-01-06T00:03:46Z

6个解决方案

31 votes

您不能将其序列化为json，json对于什么算作dict键要比python灵活得多。

您可以将映射转换为键，值对的序列，如下所示：

>>> import json

>>> def remap_keys(mapping):

... return [{'key':k, 'value': v} for k, v in mapping.iteritems()]

...

>>> json.dumps(remap_keys({(1, 2): 'foo'}))

'[{"value": "foo", "key": [1, 2]}]'

SingleNegationElimination answered 2020-01-06T00:04:09Z

9 votes

JSON仅支持将字符串作为键。 您需要选择一种将这些元组表示为字符串的方法。

Ned Batchelder answered 2020-01-06T00:04:29Z

7 votes

您可以只使用str((1,2))作为键，因为json只希望将键作为字符串，但是如果使用此键，则必须使用a[str((1,2))]来获取值。

Dhiraj Thakur answered 2020-01-06T00:04:49Z

6 votes

from json import load, dump

from ast import literal_eval

x={ (0,1):'la-la la', (0,2):'extricate' }

# save: convert each tuple key to a string before saving as json object

with open('/tmp/test', 'w') as f: dump({str(k):v for k, v in x.items()}, f)

# load in two stages:#

# (i) load json object

with open('/tmp/test', 'r') as f: obj = load(f)

# (ii) convert loaded keys from string back to tuple

d={literal_eval(k):v for k, v in obj.items()}

参见：[https://stackoverflow.com/a/12337657/2455413]

markling answered 2020-01-06T00:05:09Z

2 votes

这是一种方法。 在解码主字典并重新排序整个字典之后，将要求对密钥进行json解码，但这是可行的：

import json

def jsonEncodeTupleKeyDict(data):

ndict = dict()

# creates new dictionary with the original tuple converted to json string

for key,value in data.iteritems():

nkey = json.dumps(key)

ndict[nkey] = value

# now encode the new dictionary and return that

return json.dumps(ndict)

def main():

tdict = dict()

for i in range(10):

key = (i,"data",5*i)

tdict[key] = i*i

try:

print json.dumps(tdict)

except TypeError,e:

print "JSON Encode Failed!",e

print jsonEncodeTupleKeyDict(tdict)

if __name__ == '__main__':

main()

我不主张这种方法的任何效率。 我需要用它来保存一些操纵杆映射数据到文件。 我想使用可以创建半人类可读格式的东西，以便在需要时可以对其进行编辑。

Demolishun answered 2020-01-06T00:05:34Z

2 votes

json只能接受字符串作为字典的键，您可以做的是用这样的字符串替换元组键

with open("file", "w") as f:

k = dic.keys()

v = dic.values()

k1 = [str(i) for i in k]

json.dump(json.dumps(dict(zip(*[k1,v]))),f)

而且，当您要阅读它时，可以使用以下方法将键更改回元组

with open("file", r) as f:

data = json.load(f)

dic = json.loads(data)

k = dic.keys()

v = dic.values()

k1 = [eval(i) for i in k]

return dict(zip(*[k1,v]))

thebeancounter answered 2020-01-06T00:05:58Z