python getattr_python中getattr()的用法

1.getattr() 是python 中的一个内置函数，用来获取对象中的属性值

2.getattr(obj,name[,default]) 其中obj为对象名，name是对象中的属性，必须为字符串。

3.两种表达式的区别

第一种，getattr(obj,"_attr")

第二种，getattr(obj,"_" + attr)

第一种只能访问_attr属性，

class Student: #定义类

def __init__(self,name,identity,age):

self._name=name

self._identity=identity

self.age=agedef __getitem__(self,item):ifisinstance(item,str):return getattr(self,"_item")

#实例化一个学生类对象

st = Student("Apollo", 15618661616, 28)

'''执行:

print(st["age"])

打印:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 13, in

print(st["age"])

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 9, in __getitem__

return getattr(self, "_item")

AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute '_item''''

'''print(st["name"])

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 26, in

print(st["name"])

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 9, in __getitem__

return getattr(self, "_item")

AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute '_item''''

第二种可以访问所有带下划线的属性

'''执行:

print(st["age"])

打印:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 13, in

print(st["age"])

File "E:/Python学习/xfz/xfzapp/tests.py", line 9, in __getitem__

return getattr(self,"_" + item)

AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute '_age''''

print(st["name"])#Apollo

而第二种可以访问所有带下划线的属性